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We study the steady-state delay performance of load balancing in large-scale systems with heterogeneous servers in the heavy-traffic regimes. The system consists of $N$ servers, each with a local buffer of size $b-1$, serving jobs in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Xin Liu , Lei Ying

Consider a system of $N$ parallel single-server queues with unit-exponential service time distribution and a single dispatcher where tasks arrive as a Poisson process of rate $\lambda(N)$. When a task arrives, the dispatcher assigns it to…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Sayan Banerjee , Debankur Mukherjee

We consider queueing systems with n parallel queues under a Join the Shortest Queue (JSQ) policy in the Halfin-Whitt heavy traffic regime. We use the martingale method to prove that a scaled process counting the number of idle servers and…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-22 Patrick Eschenfeldt , David Gamarnik

We consider a load balancing system comprised of a fixed number of single server queues, operating under the well-known Join-the-Shortest Queue policy, and where jobs/customers are impatient and abandon if they do not receive service after…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-05 Prakirt Raj Jhunjhunwala , Martin Zubeldia , Siva Theja Maguluri

In this study, we consider multi-class multi-server asymmetric queueing systems consisting of $N$ queues on one side and $K$ servers on the other side, where jobs randomly arrive in queues at each time. The service rate of each job-server…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-07 Jung-hun Kim , Min-hwan Oh

We consider the load balancing system under Poisson arrivals, exponential services, and homogeneous servers. Upon arrival, a job is to be routed to one of the servers, where it is queued until service. We consider the Power-of-$d$ choices…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-26 Sushil Mahavir Varma , Francisco Castro , Siva Theja Maguluri

We show that the steady-state distribution of the join-the-shortest-queue (JSQ) system converges, in the Halfin-Whitt regime, to its diffusion limit at a rate of at least $1/\sqrt{n}$, where $n$ is the number of servers. Our proof uses…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-28 Anton Braverman

We consider a queueing system composed of a dispatcher that routes deterministically jobs to a set of non-observable queues working in parallel. In this setting, the fundamental problem is which policy should the dispatcher implement to…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-02-23 Jonatha Anselmi , Bruno Gaujal , Tommaso Nesti

Consider a system of $N$ parallel single-server queues with unit-exponential service time distribution and a single dispatcher where tasks arrive as a Poisson process of rate $\lambda(N)$. When a task arrives, the dispatcher assigns it to…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-27 Sayan Banerjee , Debankur Mukherjee

We present a heavy traffic analysis for a single server queue with renewal arrivals and generally distributed i.i.d. service times, in which the server employs the Shortest Remaining Processing Time (SRPT) policy. Under typical heavy…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-04 H. Christian Gromoll , Łukasz Kruk , Amber L. Puha

In parallel-server systems with a single stream of arrivals (a.k.a. load balancing), Join-the-Shortest-Queue (JSQ) is a popular routing algorithm. There is extensive literature studying this system in various asymptotic regimes, but all…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Daniela Hurtado-Lange , Izzy Grosof

We consider a load balancing system consisting of $n$ single-server queues working in parallel, with heterogeneous service rates. Jobs arrive to a central dispatcher, which has to dispatch them to one of the queues immediately upon arrival.…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Yishun Luo , Martin Zubeldia

In this article, we study the classical shortest queue problem under the influence of malicious attacks, which is relevant to a variety of engineering system including transportation, manufacturing, and communications. We consider a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-02 Yu Tang , Yining Wen , Li Jin

This paper considers the steady-state performance of load balancing algorithms in a many-server system with distributed queues. The system has $N$ servers, and each server maintains a local queue with buffer size $b-1,$ i.e. a server can…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-30 Xin Liu , Lei Ying

We present an analysis of large-scale load balancing systems, where the processing time distribution of tasks depends on both the task and server types. Our study focuses on the asymptotic regime, where the number of servers and task types…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-06-19 Zhisheng Zhao , Debankur Mukherjee

We develop a heavy traffic diffusion limit theorem under nonstandard spatial scaling for the queue length process in a single server queue employing shortest remaining processing time (SRPT). For processing time distributions with unbounded…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-29 Amber L. Puha

The Join-the-Shortest Queue (JSQ) policy is a classical benchmark for the performance of many-server queueing systems due to its strong optimality properties. While the exact analysis of the JSQ policy is an open question to date, even…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Zhisheng Zhao , Sayan Banerjee , Debankur Mukherjee

Nowadays, the efficiency and even the feasibility of traditional load-balancing policies are challenged by the rapid growth of cloud infrastructure and the increasing levels of server heterogeneity. In such heterogeneous systems with many…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Shay Vargaftik , Isaac Keslassy , Ariel Orda

We consider a horizontal traffic queue (HTQ) on a periodic road segment, where vehicles arrive according to a spatio-temporal Poisson process, and depart after traveling a distance that is sampled independently and identically from a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-05-25 Mohammad Motie , Ketan Savla

We consider a load balancing model where a Poisson stream of jobs arrive at a system of many servers whose service time distribution possesses a finite second moment. A small fraction of arrivals pass through the so called power-of-choice…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-16 Rami Atar , Gershon Wolansky