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Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been extensively used in many areas including image processing, medical diagnostics, and autonomous driving. However, DNNs can exhibit erroneous behaviours that may lead to critical errors, especially when…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Zohreh Aghababaeyan , Manel Abdellatif , Lionel Briand , Ramesh S , Mojtaba Bagherzadeh

The application of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to a broad variety of tasks demands methods for coping with the complex and opaque nature of these architectures. When a gold standard is available, performance assessment treats the DNN as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Piero Fraternali , Federico Milani , Rocio Nahime Torres , Niccolò Zangrando

Semantic code clone detection is the task of detecting whether two snippets of code implement the same functionality (e.g., Sort Array). Recently, many neural models achieved near-perfect performance on this task. These models seek to make…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Konstantinos Kitsios , Francesco Sovrano , Earl T. Barr , Alberto Bacchelli

Measuring and evaluating source code similarity is a fundamental software engineering activity that embraces a broad range of applications, including but not limited to code recommendation, duplicate code, plagiarism, malware, and smell…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Morteza Zakeri-Nasrabadi , Saeed Parsa , Mohammad Ramezani , Chanchal Roy , Masoud Ekhtiarzadeh

This study proposes a deep learning-based approach for discovering loops in programming code according to their potential for parallelization. Two genetic algorithm-based code generators were developed to produce two distinct types of code:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Izavan dos S. Correia , Henrique C. T. Santos , Tiago A. E. Ferreira

Assessing similarity in source code has gained significant attention in recent years due to its importance in software engineering tasks such as clone detection and code search and recommendation. This work presents a comparative analysis…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jorge Martinez-Gil

Document similarity is an important part of Natural Language Processing and is most commonly used for plagiarism-detection and text summarization. Thus, finding the overall most effective document similarity algorithm could have a major…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Nicholas Gahman , Vinayak Elangovan

Code clones are duplicate code fragments that share (nearly) similar syntax or semantics. Code clone detection plays an important role in software maintenance, code refactoring, and reuse. A substantial amount of research has been conducted…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Nikita Mehrotra , Navdha Agarwal , Piyush Gupta , Saket Anand , David Lo , Rahul Purandare

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated superior performance over classical machine learning to support many features in safety-critical systems. Although DNNs are now widely used in such systems (e.g., self driving cars), there is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Mohammed Oualid Attaoui , Hazem Fahmy , Fabrizio Pastore , Lionel Briand

Semantic clone detection is the process of finding program elements with similar or equal runtime behavior. For example, detecting the semantic equality between the recursive and iterative implementation of the factorial computation.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Hannes Thaller , Lukas Linsbauer , Alexander Egyed

Program similarity is a fundamental concept, central to the solution of software engineering tasks such as software plagiarism, clone identification, code refactoring and code search. Accurate similarity estimation between programs requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Aravind Nair , Avijit Roy , Karl Meinke

Code clones are pairs of code snippets that implement similar functionality. Clone detection is a fundamental branch of automatic source code comprehension, having many applications in refactoring recommendation, plagiarism detection, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Maksim Zubkov , Egor Spirin , Egor Bogomolov , Timofey Bryksin

Code clone is a serious problem in software and has the potential to software defects, maintenance overhead, and licensing violations. Therefore, clone detection is important for reducing maintenance effort and improving code quality during…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Min Fu , Gang Luo , Xi Zheng , Tianyi Zhang , Dongjin Yu , Miryung Kim

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications including autonomous vehicles and medical diagnostics. To reduce the residual risk for unexpected DNN behaviour and provide evidence for their trustworthy…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Hasan Ferit Eniser , Simos Gerasimou , Alper Sen

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are becoming an integral part of most software systems. Previous work has shown that DNNs have bugs. Unfortunately, existing debugging techniques do not support localizing DNN bugs because of the lack of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Mohammad Wardat , Wei Le , Hridesh Rajan

Code clones are similar code fragments that often arise from copy-and-paste programming. Neural networks can classify pairs of code fragments as clone/not-clone with high accuracy. However, finding clones in industrial-scale code needs a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Gul Aftab Ahmed , Muslim Chochlov , Abdul Razzaq , James Vincent Patten , Yuanhua Han , Guoxian Lu , Jim Buckley , David Gregg

Understanding the black-box representations in Deep Neural Networks (DNN) is an essential problem in deep learning. In this work, we propose Graph-Based Similarity (GBS) to measure the similarity of layer features. Contrary to previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Zuohui Chen , Yao Lu , Jinxuan Hu , Wen Yang , Qi Xuan , Zhen Wang , Xiaoniu Yang

In recent years, defect prediction has received a great deal of attention in the empirical software engineering world. Predicting software defects before the maintenance phase is very important not only to decrease the maintenance costs but…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Ahmet Okutan

Being a promising model to be deployed in resource-limited devices, Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) have drawn extensive attention from both academic and industry. However, comparing to the full-precision deep neural networks (DNNs), BNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Yanfei Li , Ang Li , Huimin Yu

Understanding the functional (dis)-similarity of source code is significant for code modeling tasks such as software vulnerability and code clone detection. We present DISCO(DIS-similarity of COde), a novel self-supervised model focusing on…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yangruibo Ding , Luca Buratti , Saurabh Pujar , Alessandro Morari , Baishakhi Ray , Saikat Chakraborty
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