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A fundamental challenge in learning to control an unknown dynamical system is to reduce model uncertainty by making measurements while maintaining safety. In this work, we formulate a mathematical definition of what it means to safely learn…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Amir Ali Ahmadi , Abraar Chaudhry , Vikas Sindhwani , Stephen Tu

Foundation models often generate unreliable answers, while heuristic uncertainty estimators fail to fully distinguish correct from incorrect outputs, causing users to accept erroneous answers without any statistical guarantee. We address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zhiyuan Wang , Aniri , Tianlong Chen , Yue Zhang , Heng Tao Shen , Xiaoshuang Shi , Kaidi Xu

In multi-agent safety-critical scenarios, traditional autonomous driving frameworks face significant challenges in balancing safety constraints and task performance. These frameworks struggle to quantify dynamic interaction risks in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Kaifeng Wang , Yinsong Chen , Qi Liu , Xueyuan Li , Xin Gao

Safety remains a central challenge in control of dynamical systems, particularly when the boundaries of unsafe sets are complex (e.g., nonconvex, nonsmooth) or unknown. This paper proposes a learning-enabled framework for safety-critical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-16 Shuo Liu , Zhe Huang , Jun Zeng , Koushil Sreenath , Calin A. Belta

Safety is a critical feature of controller design for physical systems. When designing control policies, several approaches to guarantee this aspect of autonomy have been proposed, such as robust controllers or control barrier functions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Miguel Calvo-Fullana , Luiz F. O. Chamon , Santiago Paternain

Due to limited resources and public safety concerns, deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents for many cyber-physical systems (e.g., autonomous vehicles) are first trained in simulators. However, when deployed in real world environments,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Gengyue Han , Yiheng Feng

Development of control algorithms for enhancing performance in safety-critical systems such as the Autonomous Emergency Braking system (AEB) is an important issue in the emerging field of automated electric vehicles. In this study, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-05 Konstantinos Gounis , Nick Bassiliades

The application of reinforcement learning to safety-critical systems is limited by the lack of formal methods for verifying the robustness and safety of learned policies. This paper introduces a novel framework that addresses this gap by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Ahmed Nasir , Abdelhafid Zenati

Learning has propelled the cutting edge of performance in robotic control to new heights, allowing robots to operate with high performance in conditions that were previously unimaginable. The majority of the work, however, assumes that the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Christopher D. McKinnon , Angela P. Schoellig

Control applications present hard operational constraints. A violation of these can result in unsafe behavior. This paper introduces Safe Interactive Model Based Learning (SiMBL), a framework to refine an existing controller and a system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-19 Marco Gallieri , Seyed Sina Mirrazavi Salehian , Nihat Engin Toklu , Alessio Quaglino , Jonathan Masci , Jan Koutník , Faustino Gomez

Current autonomous driving systems often struggle to balance decision-making and motion control while ensuring safety and traffic rule compliance, especially in complex urban environments. Existing methods may fall short due to separate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Haichao Liu , Kai Chen , Yulin Li , Zhenmin Huang , Ming Liu , Jun Ma

This paper deals with the design of resilient Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) for homogeneous vehicle platoons in which communication is vulnerable to Denial-of-Service (DOS) attacks. We consider DOS attacks as consecutive packet…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-08 Roberto Merco , Francesco Ferrante , Pierluigi Pisu

Autonomous racing presents unique challenges due to its non-linear dynamics, the high speed involved, and the critical need for real-time decision-making under dynamic and unpredictable conditions. Most traditional Reinforcement Learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Benedict Hildisch , Edoardo Ghignone , Nicolas Baumann , Cheng Hu , Andrea Carron , Michele Magno

Achieving safe and robust autonomy is the key bottleneck on the path towards broader adoption of autonomous vehicles technology. This motivates going beyond extrinsic metrics such as miles between disengagement, and calls for approaches…

Despite recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL), its application in safety critical domains like autonomous vehicles is still challenging. Although punishing RL agents for risky situations can help to learn safe policies, it may also…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Danial Kamran , Tizian Engelgeh , Marvin Busch , Johannes Fischer , Christoph Stiller

Active suspension systems are critical for enhancing vehicle comfort, safety, and stability, yet their performance is often limited by fixed hardware designs and control strategies that cannot adapt to uncertain and dynamic operating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Ying-Kuan Tsai , Yi-Ping Chen , Vispi Karkaria , Wei Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents are vulnerable to adversarial disturbances, which can deteriorate task performance or compromise safety specifications. Existing methods either address safety requirements under the assumption of no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Zeyang Li , Chuxiong Hu , Yunan Wang , Yujie Yang , Shengbo Eben Li

As autonomous vehicles move from a simplified research setting to practical use, there exists a large gap between the dynamic behavior of a human driving and an autonomous system. Risk-aware behavior needs to naturally develop in order to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jason Gibson , Bogdan Vlahov , Patrick Spieler , Evangelos A. Theodorou

We study a novel principle for safe and efficient collision avoidance that adopts a mathematically elegant and general framework abstracting as much as possible from the controlled vehicle's dynamics and of its environment. Vehicle dynamics…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-06 Qiang Wang , Dachuan Li , Joseph Sifakis

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication enables autonomous platoons to boost traffic efficiency and safety, while ensuring string stability with a constant spacing policy. However, communication-based controllers are susceptible to a range of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Guoxin Sun , Tansu Alpcan , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein , Seyit Camtepe