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Stochastic descent methods (of the gradient and mirror varieties) have become increasingly popular in optimization. In fact, it is now widely recognized that the success of deep learning is not only due to the special deep architecture of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Navid Azizan , Babak Hassibi

We prove local convergence of several notable gradient descent algorithms used in machine learning, for which standard stochastic gradient descent theory does not apply directly. This includes, first, online algorithms for recurrent models…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-01-11 Pierre-Yves Massé , Yann Ollivier

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants are mainstream methods for training deep networks in practice. SGD is known to find a flat minimum that often generalizes well. However, it is mathematically unclear how deep learning can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Zeke Xie , Issei Sato , Masashi Sugiyama

We examine gradient descent on unregularized logistic regression problems, with homogeneous linear predictors on linearly separable datasets. We show the predictor converges to the direction of the max-margin (hard margin SVM) solution. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-29 Daniel Soudry , Elad Hoffer , Mor Shpigel Nacson , Suriya Gunasekar , Nathan Srebro

We develop a high-dimensional scaling limit for Stochastic Gradient Descent with Polyak Momentum (SGD-M) and adaptive step-sizes. This provides a framework to rigourously compare online SGD with some of its popular variants. We show that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-19 Aukosh Jagannath , Taj Jones-McCormick , Varnan Sarangian

In machine learning, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely deployed to train models using highly non-convex objectives with equally complex noise models. Unfortunately, SGD theory often makes restrictive assumptions that fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Vivak Patel , Shushu Zhang , Bowen Tian

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is commonly used for optimization in large-scale machine learning problems. Langford et al. (2009) introduce a sparse online learning method to induce sparsity via truncated gradient. With high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-10 Yuting Ma , Tian Zheng

We propose an online learning algorithm for a class of machine learning models under a separable stochastic approximation framework. The essence of our idea lies in the observation that certain parameters in the models are easier to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Min Gan , Xiang-xiang Su , Guang-yong Chen , Jing Chen

This paper proposes a novel parallel stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method that is obtained by applying parallel sets of SGD iterations (each set operating on one node using the data residing in it) for finding the direction in each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-05 Dhruv Mahajan , S. Sathiya Keerthi , S. Sundararajan , Leon Bottou

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants are widely used and highly effective optimization methods in machine learning, especially for neural network training. By using a single datum or a small subset of the data, selected…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Bangti Jin , Zeljko Kereta , Yuxin Xia

We study the problem of finding the best linear model that can minimize least-squares loss given a data-set. While this problem is trivial in the low dimensional regime, it becomes more interesting in high dimensions where the population…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Yahya Sattar , Samet Oymak

We propose an online debiased lasso (ODL) method for statistical inference in high-dimensional linear models with streaming data. The proposed ODL consists of an efficient computational algorithm for streaming data and approximately normal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-20 Ruijian Han , Lan Luo , Yuanyuan Lin , Jian Huang

We introduce data structures for solving robust regression through stochastic gradient descent (SGD) by sampling gradients with probability proportional to their norm, i.e., importance sampling. Although SGD is widely used for large scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Sepideh Mahabadi , David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

We consider stochastic optimization problems with the dual tasks of (i) effectively finding the optimizer and (ii) reliably conducting statistical inference for the optimal objective function value. We find that classical simulation…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-15 Yuhang Wu , Zeyu Zheng , Yingfei Wang , Guangyu Zhang , Zuohua Zhang , Chu Wang

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is among the simplest and most popular methods in optimization. The convergence rate for SGD has been extensively studied and tight analyses have been established for the running average scheme, but the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-29 Daogao Liu , Zhou Lu

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is an out-of-equilibrium algorithm used extensively to train artificial neural networks. However very little is known on to what extent SGD is crucial for to the success of this technology and, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Persia Jana Kamali , Pierfrancesco Urbani

In this paper, under the assumption that the dimension is much larger than the sample size, i.e., $p \asymp n^{\alpha}, \alpha>1,$ we consider the (unnormalized) sample covariance matrices $Q = \Sigma^{1/2} XX^*\Sigma^{1/2}$, where…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Xiucai Ding , Zhenggang Wang

Understanding stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants is essential for machine learning. However, most of the preceding analyses are conducted under amenable conditions such as unbiased gradient estimator and bounded objective…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-26 Tianyou Li , Fan Chen , Huajie Chen , Zaiwen Wen

This work investigates the performance of the final iterate produced by stochastic gradient descent (SGD) under temporally dependent data. We consider two complementary sources of dependence: $(i)$ martingale-type dependence in both the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Yinan Shen , Yichen Zhang , Wen-Xin Zhou

The problem of stopping stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in an online manner, based solely on the observed trajectory, is a challenging theoretical problem with significant consequences for applications. While SGD is routinely monitored as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Liviu Aolaritei , Michael I. Jordan