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To achieve general intelligence, agents must learn how to interact with others in a shared environment: this is the challenge of multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL). The simplest form is independent reinforcement learning (InRL), where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Marc Lanctot , Vinicius Zambaldi , Audrunas Gruslys , Angeliki Lazaridou , Karl Tuyls , Julien Perolat , David Silver , Thore Graepel

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms are widely adopted in tackling complex tasks that require collaboration and competition among agents in dynamic Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). However, learning such tasks from scratch is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Ayesha Siddika Nipu , Siming Liu , Anthony Harris

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a crucial method for training or fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), enabling adaptive, task-specific optimizations through interactive feedback. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Junwei Su , Chuan Wu

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has attracted much research attention recently. However, unlike its single-agent counterpart, many theoretical and algorithmic aspects of MARL have not been well-understood. In this paper, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Siliang Zeng , Tianyi Chen , Alfredo Garcia , Mingyi Hong

A large amount of work has been done in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for modeling and solving problems with multiple interacting agents. However, most LLMs are pretrained independently and not specifically optimized for coordination. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Shuo Liu , Tianle Chen , Zeyu Liang , Xueguang Lyu , Christopher Amato

Recently Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been applied as an anti-adversarial remedy in wireless communication networks. However, studying the RL-based approaches from the adversary's perspective has received little attention. Additionally,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Juncheng Dong , Suya Wu , Mohammadreza Sultani , Vahid Tarokh

With the rise of online e-commerce platforms, more and more customers prefer to shop online. To sell more products, online platforms introduce various modules to recommend items with different properties such as huge discounts. A web page…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Xu He , Bo An , Yanghua Li , Haikai Chen , Rundong Wang , Xinrun Wang , Runsheng Yu , Xin Li , Zhirong Wang

Learning to collaborate is critical in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). Previous works promote collaboration by maximizing the correlation of agents' behaviors, which is typically characterized by Mutual Information (MI) in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Pengyi Li , Hongyao Tang , Tianpei Yang , Xiaotian Hao , Tong Sang , Yan Zheng , Jianye Hao , Matthew E. Taylor , Wenyuan Tao , Zhen Wang , Fazl Barez

We consider multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) for cooperative communication and coordination tasks. MARL agents can be brittle because they can overfit their training partners' policies. This overfitting can produce agents that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Tessa van der Heiden , Herke van Hoof , Efstratios Gavves , Christoph Salge

Various applications for inter-machine communications are on the rise. Whether it is for autonomous driving vehicles or the internet of everything, machines are more connected than ever to improve their performance in fulfilling a given…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Arsham Mostaani , Thang X. Vu , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

Cooperative MARL often assumes frequent access to global information in a data buffer, such as team rewards or other agents' actions, which is typically unrealistic in decentralized MARL systems due to high communication costs. When…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Nuoya Xiong , Aarti Singh

We propose a new framework for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where the agents cooperate in a time-evolving network with latent community structures and mixed memberships. Unlike traditional neighbor-based or fixed interaction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Zhaoyang Shi

In multi-agent reinforcement learning, the behaviors that agents learn in a single Markov Game (MG) are typically confined to the given agent number. Every single MG induced by varying the population may possess distinct optimal joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Shenao Zhang , Li Shen , Lei Han , Li Shen

Achieving distributed reinforcement learning (RL) for large-scale cooperative multi-agent systems (MASs) is challenging because: (i) each agent has access to only limited information; (ii) issues on convergence or computational complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Gangshan Jing , He Bai , Jemin George , Aranya Chakrabortty , Piyush K. Sharma

Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) necessitates seamless collaboration among agents, often represented by an underlying relation graph. Existing methods for learning this graph primarily focus on agent-pair relations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Wei Duan , Jie Lu , Junyu Xuan

We consider the problem setting in which multiple autonomous agents must cooperatively navigate and perform tasks in an unknown, communication-constrained environment. Traditional multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) approaches assume…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Sydney Dolan , Siddharth Nayak , Jasmine Jerry Aloor , Hamsa Balakrishnan

The next-generation wireless technologies, including beyond 5G and 6G networks, are paving the way for transformative applications such as vehicle platooning, smart cities, and remote surgery. These innovations are driven by a vast array of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Eslam Eldeeb , Hirley Alves

As a data-driven approach, multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has made remarkable advances in solving cooperative residential load scheduling problems. However, centralized training, the most common paradigm for MARL, limits…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zhaoming Qin , Nanqing Dong , Di Liu , Zhefan Wang , Junwei Cao

Emergent communication enables partially observant Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) to coordinate effectively in decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) settings. However, existing approaches often struggle with unstable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Mahmoud Abouelyazid , Eman Hammad

The inability to communicate poses a major challenge to coordination in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Prior work has explored correlating local policies via shared randomness, sometimes in the form of a correlation device, as a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-12 John Gardiner , Orlando Romero , Brendan Tivnan , Nicolò Dal Fabbro , George J. Pappas
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