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In this article, we tackle the math word problem, namely, automatically answering a mathematical problem according to its textual description. Although recent methods have demonstrated their promising results, most of these methods are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Shifeng Huang , Jiawei Wang , Jiao Xu , Da Cao , Ming Yang

Multiple neural language models have been developed recently, e.g., BERT and XLNet, and achieved impressive results in various NLP tasks including sentence classification, question answering and document ranking. In this paper, we explore…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Zhuolin Jiang , Amro El-Jaroudi , William Hartmann , Damianos Karakos , Lingjun Zhao

Fact verification models have enjoyed a fast advancement in the last two years with the development of pre-trained language models like BERT and the release of large scale datasets such as FEVER. However, the challenging problem of fake…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Qifei Li , Wangchunshu Zhou

Manual fact-checking does not scale well to serve the needs of the internet. This issue is further compounded in non-English contexts. In this paper, we discuss claim matching as a possible solution to scale fact-checking. We define claim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Ashkan Kazemi , Kiran Garimella , Devin Gaffney , Scott A. Hale

Recent advances in multimodal language models (MLLMs) have made thinking with images a dominant paradigm for multimodal reasoning. However, existing methods still fail to ensure evidence-answer consistency, where correct answers must be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Tianrun Xu , Haoda Jing , Ye Li , Yuquan Wei , Jun Feng , Guanyu Chen , Haichuan Gao , Tianren Zhang , Feng Chen

Every data selection method inherently has a target. In practice, these targets often emerge implicitly through benchmark-driven iteration: researchers develop selection strategies, train models, measure benchmark performance, then refine…

Usage similarity estimation addresses the semantic proximity of word instances in different contexts. We apply contextualized (ELMo and BERT) word and sentence embeddings to this task, and propose supervised models that leverage these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Aina Garí Soler , Marianna Apidianaki , Alexandre Allauzen

We introduce ProofNet, a benchmark for autoformalization and formal proving of undergraduate-level mathematics. The ProofNet benchmarks consists of 371 examples, each consisting of a formal theorem statement in Lean 3, a natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Zhangir Azerbayev , Bartosz Piotrowski , Hailey Schoelkopf , Edward W. Ayers , Dragomir Radev , Jeremy Avigad

The state-of-the-art pre-trained language representation models, such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), rarely incorporate commonsense knowledge or other knowledge explicitly. We propose a pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Zhi-Xiu Ye , Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Zhen-Hua Ling

Mathematics formalisation is the task of writing mathematics (i.e., definitions, theorem statements, proofs) in natural language, as found in books and papers, into a formal language that can then be checked for correctness by a program. It…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ayush Agrawal , Siddhartha Gadgil , Navin Goyal , Ashvni Narayanan , Anand Tadipatri

We find that existing language modeling datasets contain many near-duplicate examples and long repetitive substrings. As a result, over 1% of the unprompted output of language models trained on these datasets is copied verbatim from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Katherine Lee , Daphne Ippolito , Andrew Nystrom , Chiyuan Zhang , Douglas Eck , Chris Callison-Burch , Nicholas Carlini

Recently, there has been an interest in factual verification and prediction over structured data like tables and graphs. To circumvent any false news incident, it is necessary to not only model and predict over structured data efficiently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Aditya Jindal , Ankur Gupta , Jaya Srivastava , Preeti Menghwani , Vijit Malik , Vishesh Kaushik , Ashutosh Modi

Question answering-based summarization evaluation metrics must automatically determine whether the QA model's prediction is correct or not, a task known as answer verification. In this work, we benchmark the lexical answer verification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Daniel Deutsch , Dan Roth

We present a novel supervised word alignment method based on cross-language span prediction. We first formalize a word alignment problem as a collection of independent predictions from a token in the source sentence to a span in the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Masaaki Nagata , Chousa Katsuki , Masaaki Nishino

Identifying mathematical relations expressed in text is essential to understanding a broad range of natural language text from election reports, to financial news, to sport commentaries to mathematical word problems. This paper focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Subhro Roy , Shyam Upadhyay , Dan Roth

To advance the evaluation of multimodal math reasoning in large multimodal models (LMMs), this paper introduces a novel benchmark, MM-MATH. MM-MATH consists of 5,929 open-ended middle school math problems with visual contexts, with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Kai Sun , Yushi Bai , Ji Qi , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Sentence matching is widely used in various natural language tasks such as natural language inference, paraphrase identification, and question answering. For these tasks, understanding logical and semantic relationship between two sentences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Seonhoon Kim , Inho Kang , Nojun Kwak

As language models regularly make mistakes when solving math problems, automated identification of errors in the reasoning process becomes increasingly significant for their scalable oversight. In this paper, we introduce ProcessBench for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chujie Zheng , Zhenru Zhang , Beichen Zhang , Runji Lin , Keming Lu , Bowen Yu , Dayiheng Liu , Jingren Zhou , Junyang Lin

We address the task of explaining relationships between two scientific documents using natural language text. This task requires modeling the complex content of long technical documents, deducing a relationship between these documents, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Kelvin Luu , Xinyi Wu , Rik Koncel-Kedziorski , Kyle Lo , Isabel Cachola , Noah A. Smith

In this paper, we explore strategies to detect and evaluate counterfactual sentences. We describe our system for SemEval-2020 Task 5: Modeling Causal Reasoning in Language: Detecting Counterfactuals. We use a BERT base model for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Hanna Abi Akl , Dominique Mariko , Estelle Labidurie