Related papers: Consistency Tests for Comparing Astrophysical Mode…
In this work, we test consistency relations between a kinematic probe, the observational Hubble data, and a dynamical probe, the growth rates for cosmic large scale structure, which should hold if general relativity is the correct theory of…
Analogues of the frequentist chi-square and F tests are proposed for testing goodness-of-fit and consistency for Bayesian models. Simple examples exhibit these tests' detection of inconsistency between consecutive experiments with identical…
Context: The number of known strong gravitational lenses is expected to grow substantially in the next few years. The statistical combination of large samples of lenses has the potential of providing strong constraints on the inner…
Ordinary differential equations have been used to model dynamical systems in a broad range. Model checking for parametric ordinary differential equations is a necessary step to check whether the assumed models are plausible. In this paper…
Assuming that supernovae type Ia (SNe Ia) are standard candles one could use them to test cosmological theories. The Hubble Space Telescope team analyzed 186 SNe Ia (Riess et al. (2004)) to test the standard cosmological model (SC) and…
Context. The use of ratios of small to large separations as a diagnostic of stellar interiors. Aims. To demonstrate that model fitting by comparing observed and model separation ratios at the same n values is in error, and to present a…
We propose a class of incompatibility measures for quantum observables based on quantifying the effect of a measurement of one observable on the statistics of the outcomes of another. Specifically, for a pair of observables $A$ and $B$ with…
Consistency between cosmological data sets is essential for ongoing and future cosmological analyses. We first investigate the questions of stability and applicability of some moment-based inconsistency measures to multiple data sets. We…
In this paper we propose methods for inference of the geometric features of a multivariate density. Our approach uses multiscale tests for the monotonicity of the density at arbitrary points in arbitrary directions. In particular, a…
We present a simple method for assessing the predictive performance of high-dimensional models directly in data space when only samples are available. Our approach is to compare the quantiles of observables predicted by a model to those of…
Thermal history models, that have been used to understand the geological history of Earth, are now being coupled to climate models to map conditions that allow planets to maintain surface water over geologic time - a criteria considered…
We introduce a general framework for testing temporal symmetries in time series based on the distribution of ordinal patterns. While previous approaches have focused on specific forms of asymmetry, such as time reversal, our method provides…
Information accounting provides a better foundation for hypothesis testing than does uncertainty quantification. A quantitative account of science is derived under this perspective that alleviates the need for epistemic bridge principles,…
Consistent experiment data are crucial to adjust parameters of physics models and to determine best estimates of observables. However, often experiment data are not consistent due to unrecognized systematic errors. Standard methods of…
Interdependencies between experimental spectra, representing line or plane projections of electronic densities, are derived from their consistency and symmetry conditions. Some additional relations for plane projections are obtained by…
We review observational tests for the homogeneity of the Universe on large scales. Redshift and peculiar velocity surveys, radio sources, the X-Ray Background, the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest and the Cosmic Microwave Background are used to set…
Nowadays, supervised learning is commonly used in many domains. Indeed, many works propose to learn new knowledge from examples that translate the expected behaviour of the considered system. A key issue of supervised learning concerns the…
We consider the problem of testing a null hypothesis defined by equality and inequality constraints on a statistical parameter. Testing such hypotheses can be challenging because the number of relevant constraints may be on the same order…
Satellite conjunctions involving near misses of space objects are increasingly common, especially with the growth of satellite constellations and space debris. Accurate risk analysis for these events is essential to prevent collisions and…
There exist a number of tests for assessing the nonparametric heteroscedastic location-scale assumption. Here we consider a goodness-of-fit test for the more general hypothesis of the validity of this model under a parametric functional…