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Related papers: Observations of R-Process Stars in the Milky Way a…

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The astrophysical origin of the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process), which produces about half of the elements heavier than iron, remains uncertain. The oldest, most metal-poor stars preserve the chemical signatures of early…

A few rare halo giants in the range [Fe/H] $\simeq -2.9\pm0.3$ exhibit {\it r}-process element abundances that vary as a group by factors up to [$r$/Fe] $\sim80$, relative to those of the iron peak and below. Yet, the astrophysical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Terese Hansen , Johannes Andersen , Birgitta Nordström , Lars A. Buchhave , Timothy C. Beers

Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e., r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These observations provide insight into the nature of the earliest generations of stars in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 J. J. Cowan , C. Sneden , J. E. Lawler , E. A. Den Hartog

There has been significant progress in the understanding of the r-process over the last ten years. The conditions required for this process have been examined in terms of the parameters for adiabatic expansion from high temperature and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Yong-Zhong Qian

We model the history of Galactic r-process enrichment using high-redshift, high-resolution zoom cosmological simulations of a Milky Way (MW) type halo. We assume that all r-process sources are neutron star mergers (NSMs) with a power law…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-08 Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh , Richard Sarmento , Evan Scannapieco

We determine the abundances of neutron-capture elements from Sr to Eu for five very-metal-poor stars (-3<[Fe/H]<-2) in the Milky Way halo to reveal the origin of light neutron-capture elements. Previous spectroscopic studies have shown…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-03 Misa Aoki , Yuhri Ishimaru , Wako Aoki , Shinya Wanajo

Nucleosynthesis of heavy nuclei in metal-poor stars is generally thought to occur via the r-process because the r-process is a primary process that would have operated early in the Galaxy's history. This idea is strongly supported by the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Richard Boyd , Michael Famiano , Bradley Meyer , Yuko Motizuki , Toshitaka Kajino , Ian Roederer

The rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) is a major process to synthesize elements heavier than iron, but the astrophysical site(s) of r-process is not identified yet. Neutron star mergers (NSMs) are suggested to be a major r-process…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-11-20 Yutaka Hirai , Yuhri Ishimaru , Takayuki R. Saitoh , Michiko S. Fujii , Jun Hidaka , Toshitaka Kajino

The early chemical evolution of the Galaxy and the Universe is vital to our understanding of a host of astrophysical phenomena. Since the most metal-poor Galactic stars (with metallicities down to [Fe/H]\sim-5.5) are relics from the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Anna Frebel

We report the discovery of nine metal-poor stars with high levels of r-process enhancement (+0.81<[Eu/Fe]<+1.13), including six subgiants and three stars on the red horizontal branch. We also analyze four previously-known r-process-enhanced…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Ian U. Roederer , John J. Cowan , George W. Preston , Stephen A. Shectman , Chris Sneden , Ian B. Thompson

Rapid neutron capture process (r-process) elements have been detected in a large fraction of metal-poor halo stars, with abundances relative to iron (Fe) that vary by over two orders of magnitude. This scatter is reduced to less than a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-08-16 B. Wehmeyer , C. Frohlich , B. Côté , M. Pignatari , F. -K. Thielemann

The synthesis of $r$-process elements is known to involve extremely energetic explosions. At the same time, recent observations find significant $r$-process enrichment even in extremely small ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxies. This raises…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-09 Paz Beniamini , Irina Dvorkin , Joe Silk

Context. Thanks to the heroic observational campaigns carried out in recent years we now have large samples of metal-poor stars for which measurements of detailed abundances exist. [...] These data hold important clues on the nature of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-05-08 Gabriele Cescutti , Cristina Chiappini

The rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) is responsible for the creation of roughly half of the elements heavier than iron, including precious metals like silver, gold, and platinum, as well as radioactive elements such as thorium and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 Avrajit Bandyopadhyay , Timothy C. Beers

Understanding the origin of the elements has been a decades long pursuit, with many open questions still remaining. Old stars found in the Milky Way and its dwarf satellite galaxies can provide answers because they preserve clean elemental…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-14 Anna Frebel

Observations of GW170817 strongly suggest that binary neutron star (BNS) mergers produce rapid neutron-capture nucleosynthesis (r-process) elements. However, it remains an open question whether these mergers can account for all the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-11 Hsin-Yu Chen , Philippe Landry , Jocelyn S. Read , Daniel M. Siegel

We present high-resolution Magellan/MIKE spectra of 22 bright ($9<V<13.5$) metal-poor stars ($-3.18<\mbox{[Fe/H]}<-1.37$) in three different stellar streams, the Helmi debris stream, the Helmi trail stream, and the $\omega$ Centauri…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-12 Maude Gull , Anna Frebel , Karina Hinojosa , Ian U. Roederer , Alexander P. Ji , Kaley Brauer

As part of the ongoing work of the $R$-Process Alliance (RPA), detailed abundance measurements of 29 heavy elements in three metal-poor stars, 2MASS J14592981$-$3852558, 2MASS J19445483$-$4039459, and 2MASS J15211026$-$0607566, are…

The astrophysical site(s) of the r-process are uncertain, with candidates such as neutron star mergers and magneto-rotational supernovae predicting different event rates, delay times, and heavy-element yields. Galactic chemical evolution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-27 M. Molero , A. Arcones , F. Montes , C. J. Hansen