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Thanks to the latest deep learning algorithms, silent speech interfaces (SSI) are now able to synthesize intelligible speech from articulatory movement data under certain conditions. However, the resulting models are rather…

Transformer has achieved extraordinary performance in Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision tasks thanks to its powerful self-attention mechanism, and its variant Conformer has become a state-of-the-art architecture in the field…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Dexin Liao , Tao Jiang , Feng Wang , Lin Li , Qingyang Hong

This study evaluates the performance of three advanced speech encoder models, Wav2Vec 2.0, XLS-R, and Whisper, in speaker identification tasks. By fine-tuning these models and analyzing their layer-wise representations using SVCCA, k-means…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Linus Stuhlmann , Michael Alexander Saxer

Transformer models are powerful sequence-to-sequence architectures that are capable of directly mapping speech inputs to transcriptions or translations. However, the mechanism for modeling positions in this model was tailored for text…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-21 Ngoc-Quan Pham , Thanh-Le Ha , Tuan-Nam Nguyen , Thai-Son Nguyen , Elizabeth Salesky , Sebastian Stueker , Jan Niehues , Alexander Waibel

The adoption of advanced deep learning architectures in stuttering detection (SD) tasks is challenging due to the limited size of the available datasets. To this end, this work introduces the application of speech embeddings extracted from…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Shakeel A. Sheikh , Md Sahidullah , Fabrice Hirsch , Slim Ouni

In this study, we present recent developments on ESPnet: End-to-End Speech Processing toolkit, which mainly involves a recently proposed architecture called Conformer, Convolution-augmented Transformer. This paper shows the results for a…

Transformer models have been introduced into end-to-end speech recognition with state-of-the-art performance on various tasks owing to their superiority in modeling long-term dependencies. However, such improvements are usually obtained…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Haoneng Luo , Shiliang Zhang , Ming Lei , Lei Xie

Personalized speech enhancement (PSE) methods typically rely on pre-trained speaker verification models or self-designed speaker encoders to extract target speaker clues, guiding the PSE model in isolating the desired speech. However, these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Ziling Huang , Haixin Guan , Haoran Wei , Yanhua Long

This paper presents an improved deep embedding learning method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) for text-independent speaker verification. Two improvements are proposed for x-vector embedding learning: (1) Multi-scale convolution…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-15 Bin Gu , Wu Guo

We analyze the impact of speaker adaptation in end-to-end automatic speech recognition models based on transformers and wav2vec 2.0 under different noise conditions. By including speaker embeddings obtained from x-vector and ECAPA-TDNN…

Existing speech emotion recognition (SER) methods commonly suffer from the lack of high-quality large-scale corpus, partly due to the complex, psychological nature of emotion which makes accurate labeling difficult and time consuming.…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haoyu Song , Ian McLoughlin , Qing Gu , Nan Jiang , Yan Song

The Swin Transformer image super-resolution (SR) reconstruction network primarily depends on the long-range relationship of the window and shifted window attention to explore features. However, this approach focuses only on global features,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yuming Huang , Yingpin Chen , Changhui Wu , Binhui Song , Hui Wang

Transformer has shown promising results in many sequence to sequence transformation tasks recently. It utilizes a number of feed-forward self-attention layers to replace the recurrent neural networks (RNN) in attention-based encoder decoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Pan Zhou , Ruchao Fan , Wei Chen , Jia Jia

Transformer has been widely used for self-supervised pre-training in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and achieved great success. However, it has not been fully explored in visual self-supervised learning. Meanwhile, previous methods only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Zhaowen Li , Zhiyang Chen , Fan Yang , Wei Li , Yousong Zhu , Chaoyang Zhao , Rui Deng , Liwei Wu , Rui Zhao , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Self-supervised learned models have been found to be very effective for certain speech tasks such as automatic speech recognition, speaker identification, keyword spotting and others. While the features are undeniably useful in speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-05 Ravi Shankar , Ke Tan , Buye Xu , Anurag Kumar

In this work, we propose Exformer, a time-domain architecture for target speaker extraction. It consists of a pre-trained speaker embedder network and a separator network based on transformer encoder blocks. We study multiple methods to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Zhepei Wang , Ritwik Giri , Shrikant Venkataramani , Umut Isik , Jean-Marc Valin , Paris Smaragdis , Mike Goodwin , Arvindh Krishnaswamy

Transformer-based models have demonstrated their effectiveness in automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks and even shown superior performance over the conventional hybrid framework. The main idea of Transformers is to capture the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Kun Wei , Pengcheng Guo , Ning Jiang

Recently, speaker embeddings extracted with deep neural networks became the state-of-the-art method for speaker verification. In this paper we aim to facilitate its implementation on a more generic toolkit than Kaldi, which we anticipate to…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Hossein Zeinali , Lukas Burget , Johan Rohdin , Themos Stafylakis , Jan Cernocky

Real-time target speaker extraction (TSE) is intended to extract the desired speaker's voice from the observed mixture of multiple speakers in a streaming manner. Implementing real-time TSE is challenging as the computational complexity…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-03 Hiroshi Sato , Takafumi Moriya , Masato Mimura , Shota Horiguchi , Tsubasa Ochiai , Takanori Ashihara , Atsushi Ando , Kentaro Shinayama , Marc Delcroix

The recent success of transformer networks for neural machine translation and other NLP tasks has led to a surge in research work trying to apply it for speech recognition. Recent efforts studied key research questions around ways of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Abdelrahman Mohamed , Dmytro Okhonko , Luke Zettlemoyer