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Building reliable speech systems often requires combining multiple modalities, like audio and visual cues. While such multimodal solutions frequently lead to improvements in performance and may even be critical in certain cases, they come…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Joanna Hong , Sanjeel Parekh , Honglie Chen , Jacob Donley , Ke Tan , Buye Xu , Anurag Kumar

The attention-based encoder-decoder (AED) speech recognition model has been widely successful in recent years. However, the joint optimization of acoustic model and language model in end-to-end manner has created challenges for text…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Shaoshi Ling , Guoli Ye , Rui Zhao , Yifan Gong

We present a novel end-to-end language model for joint retrieval and classification, unifying the strengths of bi- and cross- encoders into a single language model via a coarse-to-fine memory matching search procedure for learning and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Allen Schmaltz , Andrew Beam

Language identification (LID) recognizes the language of a spoken utterance automatically. According to recent studies, LID models trained with an automatic speech recognition (ASR) task perform better than those trained with a LID task…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-17 Jinseok Park , Hyung Yong Kim , Jihwan Park , Byeong-Yeol Kim , Shukjae Choi , Yunkyu Lim

Acoustic word embeddings (AWEs) are vector representations of spoken word segments. AWEs can be learned jointly with embeddings of character sequences, to generate phonetically meaningful embeddings of written words, or acoustically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Yushi Hu , Shane Settle , Karen Livescu

Just-In-Time (JIT) defect prediction aims to automatically predict whether a commit is defective or not, and has been widely studied in recent years. In general, most studies can be classified into two categories: 1) simple models using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Xin Zhou , DongGyun Han , David Lo

The emergence of Mixture of Experts (MoE) LLMs has significantly advanced the development of language models. Compared to traditional LLMs, MoE LLMs outperform traditional LLMs by achieving higher performance with considerably fewer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Cheng Yang , Yang Sui , Jinqi Xiao , Lingyi Huang , Yu Gong , Yuanlin Duan , Wenqi Jia , Miao Yin , Yu Cheng , Bo Yuan

End-to-end (E2E) systems for automatic speech recognition (ASR), such as RNN Transducer (RNN-T) and Listen-Attend-Spell (LAS) blend the individual components of a traditional hybrid ASR system - acoustic model, language model, pronunciation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-14 Mahaveer Jain , Gil Keren , Jay Mahadeokar , Geoffrey Zweig , Florian Metze , Yatharth Saraf

End-to-end multilingual speech recognition models handle multiple languages through a single model, often incorporating language identification to automatically detect the language of incoming speech. Since the common scenario is where the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yosuke Kashiwagi , Hayato Futami , Emiru Tsunoo , Siddhant Arora , Shinji Watanabe

This paper introduces a model for incomplete utterance restoration (IUR) called JET (\textbf{J}oint learning token \textbf{E}xtraction and \textbf{T}ext generation). Different from prior studies that only work on extraction or abstraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Shumpei Inoue , Tsungwei Liu , Nguyen Hong Son , Minh-Tien Nguyen

End-to-end (E2E) models have gained attention in the research field of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Many E2E models proposed so far assume left-to-right autoregressive generation of an output token sequence except for connectionist…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-17 Yuya Fujita , Shinji Watanabe , Motoi Omachi , Xuankai Chan

In this paper, we introduce a new vision-language pre-trained model -- ImageBERT -- for image-text joint embedding. Our model is a Transformer-based model, which takes different modalities as input and models the relationship between them.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Di Qi , Lin Su , Jia Song , Edward Cui , Taroon Bharti , Arun Sacheti

Conventional automatic speaker verification systems can usually be decomposed into a front-end model such as time delay neural network (TDNN) for extracting speaker embeddings and a back-end model such as statistics-based probabilistic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-02 Chang Zeng , Xiaoxiao Miao , Xin Wang , Erica Cooper , Junichi Yamagishi

End-to-end (E2E) models have shown to outperform state-of-the-art conventional models for streaming speech recognition [1] across many dimensions, including quality (as measured by word error rate (WER)) and endpointer latency [2]. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-12 Bo Li , Anmol Gulati , Jiahui Yu , Tara N. Sainath , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Arun Narayanan , Shuo-Yiin Chang , Ruoming Pang , Yanzhang He , James Qin , Wei Han , Qiao Liang , Yu Zhang , Trevor Strohman , Yonghui Wu

Because of its streaming nature, recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) is a very promising end-to-end (E2E) model that may replace the popular hybrid model for automatic speech recognition. In this paper, we describe our recent…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-31 Jinyu Li , Rui Zhao , Zhong Meng , Yanqing Liu , Wenning Wei , Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , Vadim Mazalov , Zhenghao Wang , Lei He , Sheng Zhao , Yifan Gong

End-to-End Speech Translation (E2E-ST) is the task of translating source speech directly into target text bypassing the intermediate transcription step. The representation discrepancy between the speech and text modalities has motivated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Abderrahmane Issam , Yusuf Can Semerci , Jan Scholtes , Gerasimos Spanakis

Large language models (LLMs) often produce inaccurate or misleading content-hallucinations. To address this challenge, we introduce Noise-Augmented Fine-Tuning (NoiseFiT), a novel framework that leverages adaptive noise injection based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Afshin Khadangi , Amir Sartipi , Igor Tchappi , Ramin Bahmani

Unlike traditional cascaded pipelines, end-to-end (E2E) spoken dialogue systems preserve full differentiability and capture non-phonemic information, making them well-suited for modeling spoken interactions. However, existing E2E approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Siddhant Arora , Jinchuan Tian , Hayato Futami , Jee-weon Jung , Jiatong Shi , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Emiru Tsunoo , Shinji Watanabe

Transformer-based language models (LMs) pretrained on large text collections are proven to store a wealth of semantic knowledge. However, 1) they are not effective as sentence encoders when used off-the-shelf, and 2) thus typically lag…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Ivan Vulić , Pei-Hao Su , Sam Coope , Daniela Gerz , Paweł Budzianowski , Iñigo Casanueva , Nikola Mrkšić , Tsung-Hsien Wen

In the traditional cascading architecture for spoken language understanding (SLU), it has been observed that automatic speech recognition errors could be detrimental to the performance of natural language understanding. End-to-end (E2E) SLU…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Qinglin Zhang