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Most end-to-end (E2E) speech recognition models are composed of encoder and decoder blocks that perform acoustic and language modeling functions. Pretrained large language models (LLMs) have the potential to improve the performance of E2E…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-04 Shaoshi Ling , Yuxuan Hu , Shuangbei Qian , Guoli Ye , Yao Qian , Yifan Gong , Ed Lin , Michael Zeng

Multilingual end-to-end(E2E) models have shown a great potential in the expansion of the language coverage in the realm of automatic speech recognition(ASR). In this paper, we aim to enhance the multilingual ASR performance in two ways,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Rimita Lahiri , Kenichi Kumatani , Eric Sun , Yao Qian

Despite the rapid progress of end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR), it has been shown that incorporating external language models (LMs) into the decoding can further improve the recognition performance of E2E ASR systems. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Jinchuan Tian , Jianwei Yu , Chao Weng , Yuexian Zou , Dong Yu

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are increasingly large and complex to achieve the best possible accuracy. In this paper, we build an AutoML system that uses reinforcement learning (RL) to optimize the per-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Łukasz Dudziak , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Ravichander Vipperla , Stefanos Laskaridis , Nicholas D. Lane

The attention-based end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) architecture allows for joint optimization of acoustic and language models within a single network. However, in a vanilla E2E ASR architecture, the decoder sub-network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Van Tung Pham , Haihua Xu , Yerbolat Khassanov , Zhiping Zeng , Eng Siong Chng , Chongjia Ni , Bin Ma , Haizhou Li

Sequence-to-sequence (S2S) modeling is becoming a popular paradigm for automatic speech recognition (ASR) because of its ability to jointly optimize all the conventional ASR components in an end-to-end (E2E) fashion. This report…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-30 Aswin Shanmugam Subramanian , Xiaofei Wang , Shinji Watanabe , Toru Taniguchi , Dung Tran , Yuya Fujita

End-to-end automatic speech recognition suffers from adaptation to unknown target domain speech despite being trained with a large amount of paired audio--text data. Recent studies estimate a linguistic bias of the model as the internal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-16 Emiru Tsunoo , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Chaitanya Narisetty , Shinji Watanabe

Although end-to-end automatic speech recognition (E2E ASR) has achieved great performance in tasks that have numerous paired data, it is still challenging to make E2E ASR robust against noisy and low-resource conditions. In this study, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Emiru Tsunoo , Kentaro Shibata , Chaitanya Narisetty , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Shinji Watanabe

The efficacy of external language model (LM) integration with existing end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems can be improved significantly using the internal language model estimation (ILME) method. In this method, the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-26 Zhong Meng , Naoyuki Kanda , Yashesh Gaur , Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , Eric Sun , Liang Lu , Xie Chen , Jinyu Li , Yifan Gong

End-to-end (E2E) models fold the acoustic, pronunciation and language models of a conventional speech recognition model into one neural network with a much smaller number of parameters than a conventional ASR system, thus making it suitable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-14 Bo Li , Shuo-yiin Chang , Tara N. Sainath , Ruoming Pang , Yanzhang He , Trevor Strohman , Yonghui Wu

Multilingual end-to-end (E2E) models have shown great promise in expansion of automatic speech recognition (ASR) coverage of the world's languages. They have shown improvement over monolingual systems, and have simplified training and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-13 Anjuli Kannan , Arindrima Datta , Tara N. Sainath , Eugene Weinstein , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Yonghui Wu , Ankur Bapna , Zhifeng Chen , Seungji Lee

We study the problem of word-level confidence estimation in subword-based end-to-end (E2E) models for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Although prior works have proposed training auxiliary confidence models for ASR systems, they do not…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-12 David Qiu , Qiujia Li , Yanzhang He , Yu Zhang , Bo Li , Liangliang Cao , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Deepti Bhatia , Wei Li , Ke Hu , Tara N. Sainath , Ian McGraw

Recently, end-to-end (E2E) speech recognition has become popular, since it can integrate the acoustic, pronunciation and language models into a single neural network, which outperforms conventional models. Among E2E approaches,…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Zhifu Gao , Yiwu Yao , Shiliang Zhang , Jun Yang , Ming Lei , Ian McLoughlin

Humans are capable of processing speech by making use of multiple sensory modalities. For example, the environment where a conversation takes place generally provides semantic and/or acoustic context that helps us to resolve ambiguities or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Ozan Caglayan , Ramon Sanabria , Shruti Palaskar , Loïc Barrault , Florian Metze

India is home to multiple languages, and training automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems for languages is challenging. Over time, each language has adopted words from other languages, such as English, leading to code-mixing. Most Indian…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-04 Mari Ganesh Kumar , Jom Kuriakose , Anand Thyagachandran , Arun Kumar A , Ashish Seth , Lodagala Durga Prasad , Saish Jaiswal , Anusha Prakash , Hema Murthy

Neural end-to-end (E2E) models have become a promising technique to realize practical automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. When realizing such a system, one important issue is the segmentation of audio to deal with streaming input or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-19 Yuya Fujita , Tianzi Wang , Shinji Watanabe , Motoi Omachi

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition models like Recurrent Neural Networks Transducer (RNN-T) are becoming a popular choice for streaming ASR applications like voice assistants. While E2E models are very effective at learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Chhavi Choudhury , Ankur Gandhe , Xiaohan Ding , Ivan Bulyko

End-to-end (E2E) spoken language understanding (SLU) systems that generate a semantic parse from speech have become more promising recently. This approach uses a single model that utilizes audio and text representations from pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Suyoun Kim , Akshat Shrivastava , Duc Le , Ju Lin , Ozlem Kalinli , Michael L. Seltzer

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) with sequence-to-sequence models has gained attention because of its simple model training compared with conventional hidden Markov model based ASR. Recently, several studies report the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-21 Yuya Fujita , Aswin Shanmugam Subramanian , Motoi Omachi , Shinji Watanabe

Although end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) has shown state-of-the-art recognition accuracy, it tends to be implicitly biased towards the training data distribution which can degrade generalisation. This paper proposes a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Keqi Deng , Philip C. Woodland