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Effectively leveraging large, previously collected datasets in reinforcement learning (RL) is a key challenge for large-scale real-world applications. Offline RL algorithms promise to learn effective policies from previously-collected,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Aviral Kumar , Aurick Zhou , George Tucker , Sergey Levine

The problem of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in an unknown nonlinear dynamical system is equivalent to the search for an optimal feedback law utilizing the simulations/ rollouts of the dynamical system. Most RL techniques search over a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Ran Wang , Karthikeya S. Parunandi , Aayushman Sharma , Raman Goyal , Suman Chakravorty

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to infer sequential decision policies using only offline datasets. This is a particularly difficult setup, especially when learning to achieve multiple different goals or outcomes under a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Mianchu Wang , Yue Jin , Giovanni Montana

End-to-end learning robotic manipulation with high data efficiency is one of the key challenges in robotics. The latest methods that utilize human demonstration data and unsupervised representation learning has proven to be a promising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Jin Li , Xianyuan Zhan , Zixu Xiao , Guyue Zhou

Offline (or batch) reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms seek to learn an optimal policy from a fixed dataset without active data collection. Based on the composition of the offline dataset, two main categories of methods are used:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Paria Rashidinejad , Banghua Zhu , Cong Ma , Jiantao Jiao , Stuart Russell

Current reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can be brittle and difficult to use, especially when learning goal-reaching behaviors from sparse rewards. Although supervised imitation learning provides a simple and stable alternative, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Dibya Ghosh , Abhishek Gupta , Ashwin Reddy , Justin Fu , Coline Devin , Benjamin Eysenbach , Sergey Levine

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn an effective policy from a static dataset. To alleviate extrapolation errors, existing studies often uniformly regularize the value function or policy updates across all states. However, due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qin-Wen Luo , Ming-Kun Xie , Ye-Wen Wang , Sheng-Jun Huang

Traditional offline reinforcement learning (RL) methods predominantly operate in a batch-constrained setting. This confines the algorithms to a specific state-action distribution present in the dataset, reducing the effects of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-16 Charles A. Hepburn , Yue Jin , Giovanni Montana

Sample efficiency remains a major obstacle for real world adoption of reinforcement learning (RL): success has been limited to settings where simulators provide access to essentially unlimited environment interactions, which in reality are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Mattie Fellows , Clarisse Wibault , Uljad Berdica , Johannes Forkel , Michael A. Osborne , Jakob N. Foerster

Deep learning techniques have been widely applied, achieving state-of-the-art results in various fields of study. This survey focuses on deep learning solutions that target learning control policies for robotics applications. We carry out…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Lei Tai , Jingwei Zhang , Ming Liu , Joschka Boedecker , Wolfram Burgard

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables policy learning from fixed datasets without further environment interaction, making it particularly valuable in high-risk or costly domains. Extreme $Q$-Learning (XQL) is a recent offline RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xinming Gao , Shangzhe Li , Yujin Cai , Wenwu Yu

We study the problem of learning optimal behavior from sub-optimal datasets for goal-conditioned offline reinforcement learning under sparse rewards, invertible actions and deterministic transitions. To mitigate the effects of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Alfredo Reichlin , Miguel Vasco , Hang Yin , Danica Kragic

While bisimulation-based approaches hold promise for learning robust state representations for Reinforcement Learning (RL) tasks, their efficacy in offline RL tasks has not been up to par. In some instances, their performance has even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Hongyu Zang , Xin Li , Leiji Zhang , Yang Liu , Baigui Sun , Riashat Islam , Remi Tachet des Combes , Romain Laroche

Reliant on too many experiments to learn good actions, current Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms have limited applicability in real-world settings, which can be too expensive to allow exploration. We propose an algorithm for batch RL,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Rasool Fakoor , Jonas Mueller , Kavosh Asadi , Pratik Chaudhari , Alexander J. Smola

Training offline RL models using visual inputs poses two significant challenges, i.e., the overfitting problem in representation learning and the overestimation bias for expected future rewards. Recent work has attempted to alleviate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Qi Wang , Junming Yang , Yunbo Wang , Xin Jin , Wenjun Zeng , Xiaokang Yang

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) shows promise of applying RL to real-world problems by effectively utilizing previously collected data. Most existing offline RL algorithms use regularization or constraints to suppress extrapolation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Xiaoteng Ma , Yiqin Yang , Hao Hu , Qihan Liu , Jun Yang , Chongjie Zhang , Qianchuan Zhao , Bin Liang

A compelling use case of offline reinforcement learning (RL) is to obtain a policy initialization from existing datasets followed by fast online fine-tuning with limited interaction. However, existing offline RL methods tend to behave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Mitsuhiko Nakamoto , Yuexiang Zhai , Anikait Singh , Max Sobol Mark , Yi Ma , Chelsea Finn , Aviral Kumar , Sergey Levine

Compared to traditional imitation learning methods such as DAgger and DART, intervention-based imitation offers a more convenient and sample efficient data collection process to users. In this paper, we introduce Reinforced…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Rom Parnichkun , Matthew N. Dailey , Atsushi Yamashita

The rapid growth of heterogeneous and massive wireless connectivity in 6G networks demands intelligent solutions to ensure scalability, reliability, privacy, ultra-low latency, and effective control. Although artificial intelligence (AI)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Eslam Eldeeb , Hirley Alves

In this paper, we propose a fast reinforcement learning (RL) control algorithm that enables online control of large-scale networked dynamic systems. RL is an effective way of designing model-free linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controllers…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-16 Tomonori Sadamoto , Aranya Chakrabortty , Jun-ichi Imura