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While recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in automating test generation for regression testing, they often suffer from limited reasoning about program execution, resulting in stagnated coverage growth - a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Cuong Chi Le , Cuong Duc Van , Tung Duy Vu , Thai Minh Pham Vu , Hoang Nhat Phan , Huy Nhat Phan , Tien N. Nguyen

Program verification is vital for ensuring software reliability, especially in the context of increasingly complex systems. Loop invariants, remaining true before and after each iteration of loops, are crucial for this verification process.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Chang Liu , Xiwei Wu , Yuan Feng , Qinxiang Cao , Junchi Yan

Recent advancements in language modeling have enabled the translation of natural language into code, and the use of execution feedback to improve code generation. However, these methods often rely heavily on pre-existing test cases, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Nan Wang , Yafei Liu , Chen Chen , Haonan Lu

It is natural to suppose that a Large Language Model is more likely to generate correct test cases when prompted with correct code under test, compared to incorrect code under test. However, the size of this effect has never been previously…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Dong Huang , Jie M. Zhang , Mark Harman , Mingzhe Du , Heming Cui

LLMs are widely used for code generation and mathematical reasoning tasks where they are required to generate structured output. They either need to reason about code, generate code for a given specification, or reason using programs of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Poorva Garg , Renato Lui Geh , Daniel Israel , Todd Millstein , Kyle Richardson , Guy Van den Broeck

Automated test generation is essential for software quality assurance, with coverage rate serving as a key metric to ensure thorough testing. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in improving test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 WeiZhe Xu , Mengyu Liu , Fanxin Kong

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized code generation, automating programming with remarkable efficiency. However, these advancements challenge programming skills, ethics, and assessment integrity, making the detection of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Daniil Orel , Dilshod Azizov , Preslav Nakov

Code generation aims to synthesize code and fulfill functional requirements based on natural language (NL) specifications, which can greatly improve development efficiency. In the era of large language models (LLMs), large code models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Chaozheng Wang , Zongjie Li , Cuiyun Gao , Wenxuan Wang , Ting Peng , Hailiang Huang , Yuetang Deng , Shuai Wang , Michael R. Lyu

Large Language Models (LLMs) for code generation evolve rapidly through fine-tuning, merging, or new model releases. However, such updates can introduce regressions, not only in correctness but also in code quality and performance. To…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Altaf Allah Abbassi , Leuson Da Silva , Amin Nikanjam , Foutse Khomh

Code generation is to automatically generate source code conforming to a given programming specification, which has received extensive attention especially with the development of large language models (LLMs). Due to the inherent difficulty…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhao Tian , Junjie Chen , Xiangyu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language generation. However, their output quality can be inconsistent, posing challenges for generating natural language from logical forms (LFs). This task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Levon Haroutunian , Zhuang Li , Lucian Galescu , Philip Cohen , Raj Tumuluri , Gholamreza Haffari

With the rapid evolution of large language models (LLM), reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a pivotal technique for code generation and optimization in various domains. This paper presents a systematic survey of the application of…

With the recent advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), generating functionally correct code has become less complicated for a wide array of developers. While using LLMs has sped up the functional development process, it poses a heavy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Nafis Tanveer Islam , Mohammad Bahrami Karkevandi , Peyman Najafirad

Logical reasoning is a pivotal component in the field of artificial intelligence. Proof planning, particularly in contexts requiring the validation of explanation accuracy, continues to present challenges. The recent advancement of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Ying Su , Mingwen Liu , Zhijiang Guo

Although large language models (LLMs) have been largely successful in generating functionally correct programs, conditioning models to produce efficient solutions while ensuring correctness remains a challenge. Further, unreliability in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Siddhant Waghjale , Vishruth Veerendranath , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Daniel Fried

Large Language Models (LLMs) are one of the most promising developments in the field of artificial intelligence, and the software engineering community has readily noticed their potential role in the software development life-cycle.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Greta Dolcetti , Vincenzo Arceri , Eleonora Iotti , Sergio Maffeis , Agostino Cortesi , Enea Zaffanella

As large language models (LLMs) play an increasingly important role in code generation, enhancing both correctness and efficiency has become crucial. Current methods primarily focus on correctness, often overlooking efficiency. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dong Huang , Guangtao Zeng , Jianbo Dai , Meng Luo , Han Weng , Yuhao Qing , Heming Cui , Zhijiang Guo , Jie M. Zhang

Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive ability in code generation, they are still struggling to address the complicated intent provided by humans. It is widely acknowledged that humans typically employ planning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Lecheng Wang , Zheng Fang , Qiwei Shang , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao

Vectorization is a powerful optimization technique that significantly boosts the performance of high performance computing applications operating on large data arrays. Despite decades of research on auto-vectorization, compilers frequently…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Jubi Taneja , Avery Laird , Cong Yan , Madan Musuvathi , Shuvendu K. Lahiri

Sampling diverse programs from a code language model and reranking with model likelihood is a popular method for code generation but it is prone to preferring degenerate solutions. Inspired by collaborative programming, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Tianyi Zhang , Tao Yu , Tatsunori B. Hashimoto , Mike Lewis , Wen-tau Yih , Daniel Fried , Sida I. Wang