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Related papers: LEVER: Learning to Verify Language-to-Code Generat…

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While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation by learning from vast code corpora, a fundamental semantic gap remains between their training on textual patterns and the goal of functional correctness, which is governed by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Mengyang Liu , Hongyi Deng , Tian Wang , Yongding Tao , Rongyu Cao , Binhua Li , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Ge Li

Code generation with large language models (LLMs), often termed vibe coding, is increasingly adopted in production but fails to ensure code quality, particularly in security (e.g., SQL injection vulnerabilities) and maintainability (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Feng Yao , Zilong Wang , Liyuan Liu , Junxia Cui , Li Zhong , Xiaohan Fu , Haohui Mai , Vish Krishnan , Jianfeng Gao , Jingbo Shang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently achieved notable success in code-generation benchmarks such as HumanEval and LiveCodeBench. However, a detailed examination reveals that these evaluation suites often comprise only a limited number…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Zihan Ma , Taolin Zhang , Maosong Cao , Junnan Liu , Wenwei Zhang , Minnan Luo , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen

Synthetic verification techniques such as generating test cases and reward modelling are common ways to enhance the coding capabilities of large language models (LLM) beyond predefined tests. Additionally, code verification has recently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Aleksander Ficek , Somshubra Majumdar , Vahid Noroozi , Boris Ginsburg

The strong performance of large language models (LLMs) raises extensive discussion on their application to code generation. Recent research suggests continuous program refinements through visible tests to improve code generation accuracy in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Chao Lei , Yanchuan Chang , Nir Lipovetzky , Krista A. Ehinger

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in understanding and generating codes. Due to these capabilities, many recent methods are proposed to automatically refine the codes with LLMs. However, we should…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Minju Seo , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

We introduce ${\rm C{\small LEVER}}$, a high-quality, curated benchmark of 161 problems for end-to-end verified code generation in Lean. Each problem consists of (1) the task of generating a specification that matches a held-out…

In the past few years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have exploded in usefulness and popularity for code generation tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with accuracy and are unsuitable for high-risk applications without additional oversight…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-29 William Murphy , Nikolaus Holzer , Feitong Qiao , Leyi Cui , Raven Rothkopf , Nathan Koenig , Mark Santolucito

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive abilities in code generation, but they may generate erroneous programs. Reading a program takes ten times longer than writing it. Showing these erroneous programs to developers will waste…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Jia Li , Yuqi Zhu , Yongmin Li , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

A fundamental limitation of Text-to-Code is that no guarantee can be obtained about the correctness of the generated code. Therefore, to ensure its correctness, the generated code still has to be reviewed, tested, and maintained by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Haoze Wu , Rocky Klopfenstein , Keith Farkas , Nina Narodytska

Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly Code LLMs, have demonstrated impressive performance in code generation. Current research primarily focuses on the correctness of generated code, while efficiency remains less explored. Recent works…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Tong Ye , Weigang Huang , Xuhong Zhang , Tengfei Ma , Peiyu Liu , Jianwei Yin , Wenhai Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great promise in generating code, especially when used inside an evolutionary computation framework to iteratively optimize the generated algorithms. However, in some cases they fail to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Niki van Stein , Anna V. Kononova , Lars Kotthoff , Thomas Bäck

Natural language to code generation is an important application area of LLMs and has received wide attention from the community. The majority of relevant studies have exclusively concentrated on increasing the quantity and functional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Naman Jain , Tianjun Zhang , Wei-Lin Chiang , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Koushik Sen , Ion Stoica

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have improved their performance on coding benchmarks. However, improvement is plateauing due to the exhaustion of readily available high-quality data. Prior work has shown the potential of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zi Lin , Sheng Shen , Ilia Kulikov , Jingbo Shang , Jason Weston , Yixin Nie

Code generation refers to automatically producing executable programs from user requirements. Recently, researchers have explored approaches to enhance the correctness of generated code with advanced large language models. Although…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jia Li , Ruiqi Bai , Yangkang Luo , Yiran Zhang , Wentao Yang , Zeyu Sun , Tiankuo Zhao , Dongming Jin , Lei Li , Zhi Jin

Large language models (LLMs) have shown increasing competence in solving mathematical reasoning problems. However, many open-source LLMs still struggle with errors in calculation and semantic understanding during intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Vernon Y. H. Toh , Deepanway Ghosal , Soujanya Poria

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive ability to generate codes on competitive programming tasks. However, with limited sample numbers, LLMs still suffer from poor accuracy. Inspired by the process of human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Kechi Zhang , Zhuo Li , Jia Li , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), the demand for robust instruction-following capabilities in code generation tasks has grown significantly. Code generation not only facilitates faster prototyping and automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kaiwen Yan , Hongcheng Guo , Xuanqing Shi , Shaosheng Cao , Donglin Di , Zhoujun Li

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in code generation, they still struggle with code generation tasks in specific scenarios. These scenarios usually necessitate the adaptation of LLMs to fulfill specific…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Zhiyuan Fan , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao , Ge Li

Recently, large language models (LLMs), especially those that are pretrained on code, have demonstrated strong capabilities in generating programs from natural language inputs in a few-shot or even zero-shot manner. Despite promising…

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