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Due to data dependency and model leakage properties, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) exhibit several security vulnerabilities. Several security attacks exploited them but most of them require the output probability vector. These attacks can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Faiq Khalid , Hassan Ali , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Semeen Rehman , Rehan Ahmed , Muhammad Shafique

Machine learning models have been shown to leak information violating the privacy of their training set. We focus on membership inference attacks on machine learning models which aim to determine whether a data point was used to train the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Shadi Rahimian , Tribhuvanesh Orekondy , Mario Fritz

A Model Inversion (MI) attack based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) aims to recover the private training data from complex deep learning models by searching codes in the latent space. However, they merely search a deterministic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Huan Bao , Kaimin Wei , Yongdong Wu , Jin Qian , Robert H. Deng

Recently, diffusion models have become popular tools for image synthesis because of their high-quality outputs. However, like other large-scale models, they may leak private information about their training data. Here, we demonstrate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Shuai Tang , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Sergul Aydore , Michael Kearns , Aaron Roth

Diffusion models showcase strong capabilities in image synthesis, being used in many computer vision tasks with great success. To this end, we propose to explore a new use case, namely to copy black-box classification models without having…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Vlad Hondru , Radu Tudor Ionescu

Model extraction attacks pose significant security threats to deployed language models, potentially compromising intellectual property and user privacy. This survey provides a comprehensive taxonomy of LLM-specific extraction attacks and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Kaixiang Zhao , Lincan Li , Kaize Ding , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Yue Zhao , Yushun Dong

Machine Learning models, extensively used for various multimedia applications, are offered to users as a blackbox service on the Cloud on a pay-per-query basis. Such blackbox models are commercially valuable to adversaries, making them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Vasisht Duddu , D. Vijay Rao

Model extraction attacks aim to replicate the functionality of a black-box model through query access, threatening the intellectual property (IP) of machine-learning-as-a-service (MLaaS) providers. Defending against such attacks is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Xueqi Cheng , Minxing Zheng , Shixiang Zhu , Yushun Dong

In this paper, we present a generic, query-efficient black-box attack against API call-based machine learning malware classifiers. We generate adversarial examples by modifying the malware's API call sequences and non-sequential features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Ishai Rosenberg , Asaf Shabtai , Yuval Elovici , Lior Rokach

Previous studies have revealed that artificial intelligence (AI) systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Among them, model extraction attacks fool the target model by generating adversarial examples on a substitute model. The core of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Renyang Liu , Jinhong Zhang , Kwok-Yan Lam , Jun Zhao , Wei Zhou

Machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to predict whether or not a particular sample was contained in the target model's training dataset. Existing attack methods have commonly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Yiyong Liu , Zhengyu Zhao , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Deep models have shown their vulnerability when processing adversarial samples. As for the black-box attack, without access to the architecture and weights of the attacked model, training a substitute model for adversarial attacks has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Wenxuan Wang , Bangjie Yin , Taiping Yao , Li Zhang , Yanwei Fu , Shouhong Ding , Jilin Li , Feiyue Huang , Xiangyang Xue

Compared to traditional neural networks with a single output channel, a multi-exit network has multiple exits that allow for early outputs from the model's intermediate layers, thus significantly improving computational efficiency while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Li Pan , Lv Peizhuo , Chen Kai , Zhang Shengzhi , Cai Yuling , Xiang Fan

We investigate how an adversary can optimally use its query budget for targeted evasion attacks against deep neural networks in a black-box setting. We formalize the problem setting and systematically evaluate what benefits the adversary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Mika Juuti , Buse Gul Atli , N. Asokan

Many adversarial attacks have been proposed to investigate the security issues of deep neural networks. In the black-box setting, current model stealing attacks train a substitute model to counterfeit the functionality of the target model.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Chen Ma , Li Chen , Jun-Hai Yong

Machine learning models, especially deep neural networks have been shown to be susceptible to privacy attacks such as membership inference where an adversary can detect whether a data point was used for training a black-box model. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Shruti Tople , Amit Sharma , Aditya Nori

Current model extraction attacks assume that the adversary has access to a surrogate dataset with characteristics similar to the proprietary data used to train the victim model. This requirement precludes the use of existing model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Jean-Baptiste Truong , Pratyush Maini , Robert J. Walls , Nicolas Papernot

Membership inference attacks seek to infer membership of individual training instances of a model to which an adversary has black-box access through a machine learning-as-a-service API. In providing an in-depth characterization of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Stacey Truex , Ling Liu , Mehmet Emre Gursoy , Lei Yu , Wenqi Wei

There has been recently a growing interest in studying adversarial examples on natural language models in the black-box setting. These methods attack natural language classifiers by perturbing certain important words until the classifier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Mahmoud Hossam , Trung Le , He Zhao , Viet Huynh , Dinh Phung

Membership inference (MI) attacks exploit the fact that machine learning algorithms sometimes leak information about their training data through the learned model. In this work, we study membership inference in the white-box setting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Klas Leino , Matt Fredrikson