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Riemannian geometry provides the fundamental framework for optimization on nonlinear spaces such as matrix manifolds, which arise in machine learning, signal processing, and robotics. While the underlying theory is classical, existing…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Benyamin Ghojogh

Riemannian meta-optimization provides a promising approach to solving non-linear constrained optimization problems, which trains neural networks as optimizers to perform optimization on Riemannian manifolds. However, existing Riemannian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Peilin Yu , Yuwei Wu , Zhi Gao , Xiaomeng Fan , Yunde Jia

The human brain is a complex inter-wired system that emerges spontaneous functional fluctuations. In spite of tremendous success in the experimental neuroscience field, a system-level understanding of how brain anatomy supports various…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-28 Tingting Dan , Ziquan Wei , Won Hwa Kim , Guorong Wu

Recent advances in operator learning theory have improved our knowledge about learning maps between infinite dimensional spaces. However, for large-scale engineering problems such as concurrent multiscale simulation for mechanical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Owen Huang , Sourav Saha , Jiachen Guo , Wing Kam Liu

Deep neural networks, despite their success in numerous applications, often function without established theoretical foundations. In this paper, we bridge this gap by drawing parallels between deep learning and classical numerical analysis.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Emanuele Zappala , Daniel Levine , Sizhuang He , Syed Rizvi , Sacha Levy , David van Dijk

Operator learning based on neural operators has emerged as a promising paradigm for the data-driven approximation of operators, mapping between infinite-dimensional Banach spaces. Despite significant empirical progress, our theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Samuel Lanthaler

Feed-forward, fully-connected Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) or the so-called Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) are well-known universal approximators. However, their learning performance varies significantly depending on the function or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Serkan Kiranyaz , Turker Ince , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

We adapt previous research on category theory and topological unsupervised learning to develop a functorial perspective on manifold learning, also known as nonlinear dimensionality reduction. We first characterize manifold learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Dan Shiebler

Task-based modeling with recurrent neural networks (RNNs) has emerged as a popular way to infer the computational function of different brain regions. These models are quantitatively assessed by comparing the low-dimensional neural…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-06 Niru Maheswaranathan , Alex H. Williams , Matthew D. Golub , Surya Ganguli , David Sussillo

Many machine learning algorithms can be interpreted as procedures for estimating functions defined on the data distribution. In this paper we present a conceptual framework that formulates a wide range of learning problems as variational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 K. Lakshmanan

This paper proposes a learning-based framework for reconstructing 3D shapes from functional operators, compactly encoded as small-sized matrices. To this end we introduce a novel neural architecture, called OperatorNet, which takes as input…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Ruqi Huang , Marie-Julie Rakotosaona , Panos Achlioptas , Leonidas Guibas , Maks Ovsjanikov

Geometric deep learning has gained much attention in recent years due to more available data acquired from non-Euclidean domains. Some examples include point clouds for 3D models and wireless sensor networks in communications. Graphs are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-04 Zhiyang Wang , Luana Ruiz , Alejandro Ribeiro

Analysing how neural networks represent data features in their activations can help interpret how they perform tasks. Hence, a long line of work has focused on mathematically characterising the geometry of such "neural representations." In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Arthur Pellegrino , Angus Chadwick

We introduce Geometric Neural Operators (GNPs) for accounting for geometric contributions in data-driven deep learning of operators. We show how GNPs can be used (i) to estimate geometric properties, such as the metric and curvatures, (ii)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Blaine Quackenbush , Paul J. Atzberger

In numerous robotics and mechanical engineering applications, among others, data is often constrained on smooth manifolds due to the presence of rotational degrees of freedom. Common datadriven and learning-based methods such as neural…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-16 Karthik Elamvazhuthi , Xuechen Zhang , Samet Oymak , Fabio Pasqualetti

We present $\phi-$DeepONet, a physics-informed neural operator designed to learn mappings between function spaces that may contain discontinuities or exhibit non-smooth behavior. Classical neural operators are based on the universal…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Sumanta Roy , Stephen T. Castonguay , Pratanu Roy , Michael D. Shields

Machine learning has opened new frontiers in purely data-driven algorithms for data assimilation in, and for forecasting of, dynamical systems; the resulting methods are showing some promise. However, in contrast to model-driven algorithms,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-03 Edoardo Calvello , Elizabeth Carlson , Nikola Kovachki , Michael N. Manta , Andrew M. Stuart

Many measurements in computer vision and machine learning manifest as non-Euclidean data samples. Several researchers recently extended a number of deep neural network architectures for manifold valued data samples. Researchers have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-07 Rudrasis Chakraborty

Recent literature has shown that symbolic data, such as text and graphs, is often better represented by points on a curved manifold, rather than in Euclidean space. However, geometrical operations on manifolds are generally more complicated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Max Aalto , Nakul Verma

This work develops the global equations of neural networks through stacked piecewise manifolds, fixed-point theory, and boundary-conditioned iteration. Once fixed coordinates and operators are removed, a neural network appears as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Max Y. Ma , Gen-Hua Shi