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This paper introduces a novel decentralized implementation of a continuification-based strategy to control the density of large-scale multi-agent systems on the unit circle. While continuification methods effectively address micro-to-macro…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-27 Beniamino Di Lorenzo , Gian Carlo Maffettone , Mario di Bernardo

Concurrent games with a fixed number of agents have been thoroughly studied, with various solution concepts and objectives for the agents. In this paper, we consider concurrent games with an arbitrary number of agents, and study the problem…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Nathalie Bertrand , Patricia Bouyer , Anirban Majumdar

The Centralized Training with Decentralized Execution (CTDE) paradigm has gained significant attention in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and is the foundation of many recent algorithms. However, decentralized policies operate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhuofan Xu , Benedikt Bollig , Matthias Függer , Thomas Nowak , Vincent Le Dréau

Conventional Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms usually have one single agent learning to solve the task independently. As a result, the agent can only explore a limited part of the state-action space while the learned behavior is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Zhenghao Peng , Hao Sun , Bolei Zhou

Noncooperative game theory provides a normative framework for analyzing strategic interactions. However, for the toolbox to be operational, the solutions it defines will have to be computed. In this paper, we provide a single reduction that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Vincent Conitzer , Tuomas Sandholm

Feedback Nash equilibrium strategies in multi-agent dynamic games require availability of all players' state information to compute control actions. However, in real-world scenarios, sensing and communication limitations between agents make…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xinjie Liu , Jingqi Li , Filippos Fotiadis , Mustafa O. Karabag , Jesse Milzman , David Fridovich-Keil , Ufuk Topcu

Game balancing is a longstanding challenge requiring repeated playtesting, expert intuition, and extensive manual tuning. We introduce RuleSmith, the first framework that achieves automated game balancing by leveraging the reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Ziyao Zeng , Chen Liu , Tianyu Liu , Hao Wang , Xiatao Sun , Fengyu Yang , Xiaofeng Liu , Zhiwen Fan

Despite the many recent practical and theoretical breakthroughs in computational game theory, equilibrium finding in extensive-form team games remains a significant challenge. While NP-hard in the worst case, there are provably efficient…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Brian Hu Zhang , Tuomas Sandholm

In game theory, mechanism design is concerned with the design of incentives so that a desired outcome of the game can be achieved. In this paper, we explore the concept of equilibrium design, where incentives are designed to obtain a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Julian Gutierrez , Muhammad Najib , Giuseppe Perelli , Michael Wooldridge

In multi-agent reinforcement learning, centralized training with decentralized execution (CTDE) methods typically assume that agents make decisions based on their local observations independently, which may not lead to a correlated joint…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Zhiyuan Li , Wenshuai Zhao , Lijun Wu , Joni Pajarinen

Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium (PBE) is a refinement of the Nash equilibrium for imperfect-information extensive-form games (EFGs) that enforces consistency between the two components of a solution: agents' strategy profile describing their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Christine Konicki , Mithun Chakraborty , Michael P. Wellman

We study information design in multi-agent systems (MAS) with binary actions and strategic complementarities, where an external designer influences behavior only through signals. Agents play the smallest-equilibrium of the induced Bayesian…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Farzaneh Farhadi , Maria Chli

This paper investigates the leader-following consensus problem for a class of multi-agent systems subject to adversarial attack-like external inputs. To address this, we formulate the robust leader-following control problem as a global…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 Yunxiao Ren , Dingguo Liang , Yuezu Lv , Zhisheng Duan

Existing settings of decentralized learning either require players to have full information or the system to have certain special structure that may be hard to check and hinder their applicability to practical systems. To overcome this, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-17 Yan Jiang , Wenqi Cui , Baosen Zhang , Jorge Cortés

Many reality tasks such as robot coordination can be naturally modelled as multi-agent cooperative system where the rewards are sparse. This paper focuses on learning decentralized policies for such tasks using sub-optimal demonstration. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Peixi Peng , Junliang Xing

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms often struggle to find strategies close to Pareto optimal Nash Equilibrium, owing largely to the lack of efficient exploration. The problem is exacerbated in sparse-reward settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Zhicheng Zhang , Yancheng Liang , Yi Wu , Fei Fang

We study discrete-time mean-field Markov games with infinite numbers of agents where each agent aims to minimize its ergodic cost. We consider the setting where the agents have identical linear state transitions and quadratic cost…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Zuyue Fu , Zhuoran Yang , Yongxin Chen , Zhaoran Wang

Evolutionary anti-coordination games on networks capture real-world strategic situations such as traffic routing and market competition. In such games, agents maximize their utility by choosing actions that differ from their neighbors'…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zirou Qiu , Chen Chen , Madhav V. Marathe , S. S. Ravi , Daniel J. Rosenkrantz , Richard E. Stearns , Anil Vullikanti

For networks with externalities, where each component's worth may depend on the full network structure, balanced contributions and fairness lead to distinct component-efficient allocation rules. We characterize the unique…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-16 Frank Huettner

A crucial challenge in decentralized systems is state estimation in the presence of unknown inputs, particularly within heterogeneous sensor networks with dynamic topologies. While numerous consensus algorithms have been introduced, they…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Zida Wu , Ankur Mehta