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Considering agricultural landscapes as networks can provide information about spatial connectivity relevant for a wide range of applications including pollination, pest management, and ecology. Global agricultural networks are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-04-18 Daniel Sousa , Christopher Small

A scale-free network is grown in the Euclidean space with a global directional bias. On a vertical plane, nodes are introduced at unit rate at randomly selected points and a node is allowed to be connected only to the subset of nodes which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. S. Manna , G. Mukherjee , Parongama Sen

Consider the d-dimensional lattice Z^d where each vertex is ``open'' or ``closed'' with probability p or 1-p, respectively. An open vertex v is connected by an edge to the closest open vertex w such that the dth co-ordinates of v and w…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Sreela Gangopadhyay , Rahul Roy , Anish Sarkar

We show that any compact, connected set $K$ in the plane can be approximated by the critical points of a polynomial with two critical values. Equivalently, $K$ can be approximated in the Hausdorff metric by a true tree in the sense of…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2020-07-09 Christopher J. Bishop

Topological landscape is introduced for networks with functions defined on the nodes. By extending the notion of gradient flows to the network setting, critical nodes of different indices are defined. This leads to a concise and…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-05-01 E. Weinan , Jianfeng Lu , Yuan Yao

Findings: We show that the distance distribution in an undirected network Lorenz majorizes the one of a chain. As a consequence, the average and median distances in any such network are smaller than or equal to those of a chain. Research…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-12-20 Leo Egghe

Many networks describing complex systems are directed: the interactions between elements are not symmetric. Recent work has shown that these networks can display properties such as trophic coherence or non-normality, which in turn affect…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-21 Samuel Johnson

We extend results of parametric geometry of numbers to a general diagonal flow on the space of lattices. Moreover, we compute the Hausdorff dimension of the set of trajectories with every given behavior, with respect to a nonstandard metric…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Omri Nisan Solan

Random fields are mathematical structures used to model the spatial interaction of random variables along time, with applications ranging from statistical physics and thermodynamics to system's biology and the simulation of complex systems.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Alexandre L. M. Levada

Structure and dynamics of complex networks usually deal with degree distributions, clustering, shortest path lengths and other graph properties. Although these concepts have been analysed for graphs on abstract spaces, many networks happen…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. O. Hase , J. F. F. Mendes

The degree/diameter problem for mixed graphs asks for the largest possible order of a mixed graph with given diameter and degree parameters. Similarly the \emph{degree/geodecity} problem concerns the smallest order of a $k$-geodetic mixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-13 James Tuite , Grahame Erskine

Networks are often characterized by node heterogeneity for which nodes exhibit different degrees of interaction and link homophily for which nodes sharing common features tend to associate with each other. In this paper, we propose a new…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-03-13 Ting Yan , Binyan Jiang , Stephen E. Fienberg , Chenlei Leng

Real networks often form interacting parts of larger and more complex systems. Examples can be found in different domains, ranging from the Internet to structural and functional brain networks. Here, we show that these multiplex systems are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-09-11 Kaj-Kolja Kleineberg , Marian Boguna , M. Angeles Serrano , Fragkiskos Papadopoulos

The arrangement of network nodes in hyperbolic spaces has become a widely studied problem, motivated by numerous results suggesting the existence of hidden metric spaces behind the structure of complex networks. Although several methods…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-02-06 Bianka Kovács , Gergely Palla

Spatial dependency and spatial embedding are basic physical properties of many phenomena modeled by networks. The most indicated computational environment to deal with spatial information is to use Georeferenced Information System (GIS) and…

Recent work has shown that for $\gamma \in (0,2)$, a Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surface can be endowed with a canonical metric. We prove several results concerning geodesics for this metric. In particular, we completely classify the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-03 Ewain Gwynne

We consider planar directed last-passage percolation on the square lattice with general i.i.d. weights and study the geometry of the full set of semi-infinite geodesics in a typical realization of the random environment. The structure of…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-01 Christopher Janjigian , Firas Rassoul-Agha , Timo Seppäläinen

Data describing the three-dimensional structure of physical networks is increasingly available, leading to a surge of interest in network science to explore the relationship between the shape and connectivity of physical networks. We…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-20 Luka Blagojević , Márton Pósfai

A key task in the study of networked systems is to derive local and global properties that impact connectivity, synchronizability, and robustness; computing shortest paths or geodesics yields measures of network connectivity that can…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Sahil Loomba , Nick S. Jones

We classify, in terms of topology of highest arcs, low height non-simple geodesics on the modular hyperbolic punctured sphere with three elliptic fixed points of order two. Of eight possible types, exactly one consists of geodesics that…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2010-05-14 Thomas A. Schmidt , Mark Sheingorn