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Device-independent quantum key distribution is the task of using uncharacterized quantum devices to establish a shared key between two users. If a protocol is secure regardless of the device behaviour, it can be used to generate a shared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-01 Jonathan Barrett , Roger Colbeck , Adrian Kent

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is currently being discussed as a technology to safeguard communication in a future where quantum computers compromise traditional public-key cryptosystems. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive security…

Quantum technology can enable secure communication for cryptography purposes using quantum key distribution. Quantum key distribution protocols provide a secret key between two users with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-11 Venkat Abhignan , Abhishek Jamunkar , Gokul Nair , Mohit Mittal , Megha Shrivastava

Quantum key distribution---exchanging a random secret key relying on a quantum mechanical resource---is the core feature of secure quantum networks. Entanglement-based protocols offer additional layers of security and scale favorably with…

Quantum key distribution is among the foremost applications of quantum mechanics, both in terms of fundamental physics and as a technology on the brink of commercial deployment. Starting from principal schemes and initial proofs of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-01-29 Wolfgang Mauerer , Wolfram Helwig , Christine Silberhorn

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technology that ensures secure communication by leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, such as the no-cloning theorem and quantum uncertainty. This chapter provides an overview of this quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Sebastian Kish , Josef Pieprzyk , Seyit Camtepe

Quantum key distribution protocols typically make use of a one-way quantum channel to distribute a shared secret string to two distant users. However, protocols exploiting a two-way quantum channel have been proposed as an alternative route…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-13 Normand J. Beaudry , Marco Lucamarini , Stefano Mancini , Renato Renner

This paper proposes a new protocol for quantum dense key distribution. This protocol embeds the benefits of a quantum dense coding and a quantum key distribution and is able to generate shared secret keys four times more efficiently than…

In this paper, we design a new quantum key distribution protocol, allowing two limited semi-quantum or "classical" users to establish a shared secret key with the help of a fully quantum server. A semi-quantum user can only prepare and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Walter O. Krawec

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information theoretically secures key exchange requiring authentication of the classic data processing channel via pre-sharing of symmetric private keys. In previous studies, the lattice-based…

Secret sharing schemes for classical secrets can be classified into classical secret sharing schemes and quantum secret sharing schemes. Classical secret sharing has been known to be able to distribute some shares before a given secret. On…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-20 Rina Miyajima , Ryutaroh Matsumoto

With the emergence of an information society, the idea of protecting sensitive data is steadily gaining importance. Conventional encryption methods may not be sufficient to guarantee data protection in the future. Quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-20 Nitin Jain , Birgit Stiller , Imran Khan , Dominique Elser , Christoph Marquardt , Gerd Leuchs

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cornerstone of the secure quantum encryption. Building on the quantum irreversibility, we develop a technique reborning the existing QKDs into protocols that are unrestricted in distance and have…

Quantum key distribution promises information-theoretically secure communication, with data post-processing playing a vital role in extracting secure keys from raw data. While hardware advancements have significantly improved practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Zhenyu Du , Guoding Liu , Xingjian Zhang , Xiongfeng Ma

Well defined quantum key distribution between two users requires both calibration to ensure quantum effects and synchronization to stabilize the bit parity of the results. Here we present two quantum effects regarding two entangled photons…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Billy E. Geerhart , Venkat R. Dasari

The problem of security of quantum key protocols is examined. In addition to the distribution of classical keys, the problem of encrypting quantum data and the structure of the operators which perform quantum encryption is studied. It is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 P. Oscar Boykin

Secret sharing is a cryptographic scheme to encode a secret to multiple shares being distributed to participants, so that only qualified sets of participants can restore the original secret from their shares. When we encode a secret by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-25 Mamoru Shibata , Ryutaroh Matsumoto

Today's information society relies on cryptography to achieve security goals such as confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation for digital communications. Here, public-key cryptosystems play a pivotal role to share…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Paul Staat , Meik Dörpinghaus , Azadeh Sheikholeslami , Christof Paar , Gerhard Fettweis , Dennis Goeckel

Owing to its fundamental principles, quantum theory holds the promise to enhance the security of modern cryptography, from message encryption to anonymous communication, digital signatures, online banking, leader election, one-time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Mathieu Bozzio , Claude Crépeau , Petros Wallden , Philip Walther

The theoretically proven security of quantum key distribution (QKD) could revolutionise how information exchange is protected in the future. Several field tests of QKD have proven it to be a reliable technology for cryptographic key…