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Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising technology for future wireless communication systems. Conventional RIS is constrained to a diagonal scattering matrix, which limits its flexibility. Recently, beyond-diagonal RIS…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Zheyu Wu , Matteo Nerini , Bruno Clerckx

Continuous efforts have been devoted to integrate millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) bands into future communication standards in order to overcome the bandwidth shortage problem and achieve high data rates, primarily through…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-05 Sung Hyuck Hong , Junil Choi

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communications recently appeared as a game-changing technology for next-generation wireless communications due to its unprecedented ability to reform the propagation environment. One of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Aymen Khaleel , Ertugrul Basar

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has recently gained significant interest as an emerging technology for future wireless networks thanks to its potential for improving the coverage probability in challenging propagation environments.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Trinh Van Chien , Lam Thanh Tu , Waqas Khalid , Heejung Yu , Symeon Chatzinotas , Marco Di Renzo

A significant increase in the number of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) elements results in a spherical wavefront in the near field of extremely large-scale RIS (XL-RIS). Although the channel matrix of the cascaded two-hop link may…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Zixing Tang , Yuanbin Chen , Ying Wang , Tianqi Mao , Qingqing Wu , Marco Di Renzo , Lajos Hanzo

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can shape the radio propagation environment by virtue of changing the impinging electromagnetic waves towards any desired directions, thus, breaking the general Snell's reflection law. However, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-15 Jiguang He , Henk Wymeersch , Markku Juntti

The march towards 6G is accelerating and future wireless network architectures require enhanced performance along with significant coverage especially, to combat impairments on account of the wireless channel. Reconfigurable intelligent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Emre Arslan , Fatih Kilinc , Ertugrul Basar , Huseyin Arslan

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging technique employing metasurface to reflect the signal from the source node to the destination node. By smartly reconfiguring the electromagnetic (EM) properties of the metasurface and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Qi Gu , Dan Wu , Xin Su , Hanning Wang , Jingyuan Cui , Yifei Yuan

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are envisioned to play a key role in future wireless communications, enabling programmable radio propagation environments. They are usually considered as almost passive planar structures that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Haiyang Zhang , Nir Shlezinger , George C Alexandropoulos , Idban Alamzadeh , Mohammadreza F Imani , Yonina C Eldar

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are envisioned as a promising technology for future wireless communications. With various hardware realizations, RISs can work under different modes (reflective/transmissive/hybrid) or have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Hongyu Li , Shanpu Shen , Bruno Clerckx

While the researchers have set their sights on future wireless networks of 2030, communications through reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) appears as one of the potential enabling technologies for 6G wireless networking. This…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-05 E. Basar , I. Yildirim

We envision a future in which multi-antenna technology effectively exploits the spatial domain as a set of non-interfering orthogonal resources, allowing for flexible resource allocation and efficient modulation/demodulation. We may refer…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Juan Vidal Alegría , Johan Thunberg , Ove Edfors

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a promising technology for enhancing satellite communication systems by manipulating the phase of electromagnetic waves. This study addresses optimising phase shift values…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-11 Muhammad I Khalil

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can be used to improve the channel gain between a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE), but only if its $N$ reflecting elements are configured properly. This requires accurate estimation of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-24 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) technology has emerged as a key enabler for future wireless communications. However, its potential is constrained by the difficulty of acquiring accurate user-to-RIS channel state information (CSI),…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Md. Shahriar Sadid , Ali A. Nasir , Saad Al-Ahmadi , Samir Al-Ghadhban

Non-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) offer enhanced wireless signal manipulation over conventional RIS by enabling the incident signal on any of its $M$ elements to be reflected from another element via an $M \times M$…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Mostafa Samy , Hayder Al-Hraishawi , Abuzar B. M. Adam , Madyan Alsenwi , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Otteresten

As 6G research advances, the growing demand leads to the emergence of novel technologies such as integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), new antenna arrays like extremely large MIMO (XL-MIMO) and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-16 Huiwen Gong , Jianhua Zhang , Yuxiang Zhang , Guangyi Liu

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a recent low-cost and energy-efficient technology with potential applicability for future wireless communications. Performance gains achieved by employing RIS directly depend on accurate channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-24 Paulo R. B. Gomes , Amarilton L. Magalhães , André L. F. de Almeida

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging technology that changes how wireless networks are perceived, therefore its potential benefits and applications are currently under intense research and investigation. In this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Placido Mursia , Sendy Phang , Vincenzo Sciancalepore , Gabriele Gradoni , Marco Di Renzo

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces enable active control of wireless propagation channels, which is crucial for future 5G and 6G networks. This work presents a scalable RIS design operating at 3.6 GHz with both 1 bit and 3 bit phase…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Markus Heinrichs , Aydin Sezgin , Rainer Kronberger