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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a promising energy-efficient alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) by utilizing sparse and asynchronous processing through discrete spike-based computation. However, the performance of deep…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Eric Jahns , Davi Moreno , Michel A. Kinsy

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are distinguished from Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for their complex neuronal dynamics and sparse binary activations (spikes) inspired by the biological neural system. Traditional neuron models use…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Peng Xue , Wei Fang , Zhengyu Ma , Zihan Huang , Zhaokun Zhou , Yonghong Tian , Timothée Masquelier , Huihui Zhou

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) compute using sparse communication and are attracting increased attention as a more energy-efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks~(ANNs). While standard ANNs are stateless, spiking…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Balázs Mészáros , James C. Knight , Thomas Nowotny

The main computational task of Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) is function regression, required both for inputs as well as outputs of a simulation. Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) and neural operators (such as DeepONet) have…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Adar Kahana , Qian Zhang , Leonard Gleyzer , George Em Karniadakis

Spiking Neural Networks are often touted as brain-inspired learning models for the third wave of Artificial Intelligence. Although recent SNNs trained with supervised backpropagation show classification accuracy comparable to deep networks,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Biswadeep Chakraborty , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

Mixed-signal analog/digital circuits emulate spiking neurons and synapses with extremely high energy efficiency, an approach known as "neuromorphic engineering". However, analog circuits are sensitive to process-induced variation among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Julian Büchel , Dmitrii Zendrikov , Sergio Solinas , Giacomo Indiveri , Dylan R. Muir

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), which mimic biological neural system to convey information via discrete spikes, are well known as brain-inspired models with excellent computing efficiency. By utilizing the surrogate gradient estimation for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Zekai Xu , Kang You , Qinghai Guo , Xiang Wang , Zhezhi He

Inspired by biology, spiking neural networks (SNNs) process information via discrete spikes over time, offering an energy-efficient alternative to the classical computing paradigm and classical artificial neural networks (ANNs). In this…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Shayan Hundrieser , Philipp Tuchel , Insung Kong , Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

Spiking neural network (SNN), as a brain-inspired energy-efficient neural network, has attracted the interest of researchers. While the training of spiking neural networks is still an open problem. One effective way is to map the weight of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Yang Li , Yi Zeng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly energy-efficient due to event-driven, sparse computation, but their training is challenged by spike non-differentiability and trade-offs among performance, efficiency, and biological plausibility.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zihan Huang , Zijie Xu , Yihan Huang , Shanshan Jia , Tong Bu , Yiting Dong , Wenxuan Liu , Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Hyper spectral images (HSI) provide rich spectral and spatial information across a series of contiguous spectral bands. However, the accurate processing of the spectral and spatial correlation between the bands requires the use of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Gourav Datta , Souvik Kundu , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal , Peter A. Beerel

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), known for their low-power, event-driven computation and intrinsic temporal dynamics, are emerging as promising solutions for processing dynamic, asynchronous signals from event-based sensors. Despite their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Rui Zhang , Luziwei Leng , Kaiwei Che , Hu Zhang , Jie Cheng , Qinghai Guo , Jiangxing Liao , Ran Cheng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have attracted great attention due to their distinctive characteristics of low power consumption and temporal information processing. ANN-SNN conversion, as the most commonly used training method for applying…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Zecheng Hao , Jianhao Ding , Tong Bu , Tiejun Huang , Zhaofei Yu

Spiking Neural Networks(SNNs) provide a brain-inspired and event-driven mechanism that is believed to be critical to unlock energy-efficient deep learning. The mixture-of-experts approach mirrors the parallel distributed processing of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Boxun Xu , Junyoung Hwang , Pruek Vanna-iampikul , Yuxuan Yin , Sung Kyu Lim , Peng Li

With the help of special neuromorphic hardware, spiking neural networks (SNNs) are expected to realize artificial intelligence (AI) with less energy consumption. It provides a promising energy-efficient way for realistic control tasks by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Ding Chen , Peixi Peng , Tiejun Huang , Yonghong Tian

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are gaining attention as energy-efficient alternatives to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), especially in resource-constrained settings. While ANN-to-SNN conversion (ANN2SNN) achieves high accuracy without…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Qiuyang Chen , Huiqi Yang , Qingyan Meng , Zhengyu Ma

Although spiking neural networks (SNNs) take benefits from the bio-plausible neural modeling, the low accuracy under the common local synaptic plasticity learning rules limits their application in many practical tasks. Recently, an emerging…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Ling Liang , Zheng Qu , Zhaodong Chen , Fengbin Tu , Yujie Wu , Lei Deng , Guoqi Li , Peng Li , Yuan Xie

Spiking neural network (SNN), as the next generation of artificial neural network (ANN), offer a closer mimicry of natural neural networks and hold promise for significant improvements in computational efficiency. However, the current SNN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Dengyu Wu , Gaojie Jin , Han Yu , Xinping Yi , Xiaowei Huang

Neuromorphic hardware implementations of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) promise energy-efficient, low-latency AI through sparse, event-driven computation. Yet, training SNNs under fine temporal discretization remains a major challenge,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Roel Koopman , Sebastian Otte , Sander Bohté

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a promising approach to low-power applications on neuromorphic hardware due to their energy efficiency. However, training SNNs is challenging because of the non-differentiable spike generation function. To…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Qingyan Meng , Mingqing Xiao , Zhengyu Ma , Huihui Zhou , Yonghong Tian , Zhouchen Lin