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Annotation of training data is the major bottleneck in the creation of text classification systems. Active learning is a commonly used technique to reduce the amount of training data one needs to label. A crucial aspect of active learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Garrett Beatty , Ethan Kochis , Michael Bloodgood

State of the art models using deep neural networks have become very good in learning an accurate mapping from inputs to outputs. However, they still lack generalization capabilities in conditions that differ from the ones encountered during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Alexey Romanov , Chaitanya Shivade

In supervised learning, acquiring labeled training data for a predictive model can be very costly, but acquiring a large amount of unlabeled data is often quite easy. Active learning is a method of obtaining predictive models with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Hideitsu Hino

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has delivered strong results in domains such as Atari and Go, but it still suffers from high sample cost and weak transfer beyond the training setting. A common response is to reuse information from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ujjwal Patil , Javad Ghofrani

Deep learning has profoundly impacted domains such as computer vision and natural language processing by uncovering complex patterns in vast datasets. However, the reliance on extensive labeled data poses significant challenges, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Harshini Mridula Mohan , Maanya Manjunath , Vipul Arya , S. H. Shabbeer Basha , Nitin Cheekatla

The recent proliferation of research into transformer based natural language processing has led to a number of studies which attempt to detect the presence of human-like cognitive behavior in the models. We contend that, as is true of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jesse Roberts , Kyle Moore , Drew Wilenzick , Doug Fisher

Training a spoofing countermeasure (CM) that generalizes to various unseen data is desired but challenging. While methods such as data augmentation and self-supervised learning are applicable, the imperfect CM performance on diverse test…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-10 Xin Wang , Junich Yamagishi

Aligning large language models (LLMs) depends on high-quality datasets of human preference labels, which are costly to collect. Although active learning has been studied to improve sample efficiency relative to passive collection, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yao Zhao , Kwang-Sung Jun

Active learning has the potential to be especially useful for messy, uncurated pools where datapoints vary in relevance to the target task. However, state-of-the-art approaches to this problem currently rely on using fixed, unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Kianoosh Ashouritaklimi , Tom Rainforth

Existing approaches to active learning maximize the system performance by sampling unlabeled instances for annotation that yield the most efficient training. However, when active learning is integrated with an end-user application, this can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Ji-Ung Lee , Christian M. Meyer , Iryna Gurevych

Active learning (AL) concerns itself with learning a model from as few labelled data as possible through actively and iteratively querying an oracle with selected unlabelled samples. In this paper, we focus on analyzing a popular type of AL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Minjie Xu , Gary Kazantsev

Modeling natural language inference is a very challenging task. With the availability of large annotated data, it has recently become feasible to train complex models such as neural-network-based inference models, which have shown to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Qian Chen , Xiaodan Zhu , Zhen-Hua Ling , Diana Inkpen , Si Wei

The ability to train complex and highly effective models often requires an abundance of training data, which can easily become a bottleneck in cost, time, and computational resources. Batch active learning, which adaptively issues batched…

In safety-critical applications, language models should be able to characterize their uncertainty with meaningful probabilities. Many uncertainty quantification approaches require supervised data; however, finding suitable unseen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Sophia Hager , Simon Zeng , Nicholas Andrews

Applied mathematics and machine computations have raised a lot of hope since the recent success of supervised learning. Many practitioners in industries have been trying to switch from their old paradigms to machine learning. Interestingly,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Vivien Cabannes

We present and evaluate a new model for Natural Language Generation (NLG) in Spoken Dialogue Systems, based on statistical planning, given noisy feedback from the current generation context (e.g. a user and a surface realiser). We study its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-16 Verena Rieser , Oliver Lemon

Pool-based active learning (AL) is a promising technology for increasing data-efficiency of machine learning models. However, surveys show that performance of recent AL methods is very sensitive to the choice of dataset and training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Tim Bakker , Herke van Hoof , Max Welling

A key task in Artificial Intelligence is learning effective policies for controlling agents in unknown environments to optimize performance measures. Off-policy learning methods, like Q-learning, allow learners to make optimal decisions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mingxuan Li , Junzhe Zhang , Elias Bareinboim

Most of the existing learning models, particularly deep neural networks, are reliant on large datasets whose hand-labeling is expensive and time demanding. A current trend is to make the learning of these models frugal and less dependent on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Sebastien Deschamps , Hichem Sahbi

Active learning enables efficient model training by leveraging interactions between machine learning agents and human annotators. We study and propose a novel framework that formulates batch active learning from the sparse approximation's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Maohao Shen , Bowen Jiang , Jacky Yibo Zhang , Oluwasanmi Koyejo