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Quantum computing becomes viable when a quantum state can be preserved from environmentally-induced error. If quantum bits (qubits) are sufficiently reliable, errors are sparse and quantum error correction (QEC) is capable of identifying…

The concept of entropy and the correct application of the Second Law of thermodynamics are essential in order to understand the reason why quantum error correction is thermodynamically possible and no violation of the Second Law occurs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Carlo Cafaro , Peter van Loock

The unique features of quantum theory offer a powerful new paradigm for information processing. Translating these mathematical abstractions into useful algorithms and applications requires quantum systems with significant complexity and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-13 Atharv Joshi , Kyungjoo Noh , Yvonne Y. Gao

A quantum computer will use the properties of quantum physics to solve certain computational problems much faster than otherwise possible. One promising potential implementation is to use superconducting quantum bits in the circuit quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-01 Matthew Reed

Reliable quantum information processing in the face of errors is a major fundamental and technological challenge. Quantum error correction protects quantum states by encoding a logical quantum bit (qubit) in multiple physical qubits. To be…

Quantum error correction (QEC) requires ancilla qubits to extract error syndromes from data qubits which store quantum information. However, ancilla errors can propagate back to the data qubits, introducing additional errors and limiting…

We considered the interaction of semiconductor quantum register with noisy environment leading to various types of qubit errors. We analysed both phase and amplitude decays during the process of electron-phonon interaction. The performance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-10 Alexey A. Melnikov , Leonid E. Fedichkin

Searches for axion and axionlike dark matter based on solid-state spin qubits are fundamentally limited by strong longitudinal dephasing, which rapidly suppresses the sensitivity gains offered by entanglement. Here we show that quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Xiangjun Tan , Zhanning Wang

High-fidelity and rapid readout of a qubit state is key to quantum computing and communication, and it is a prerequisite for quantum error correction. We present a readout scheme for superconducting qubits that combines two microwave…

Realizing the full potential of quantum computing requires large-scale quantum computers capable of running quantum error correction (QEC) to mitigate hardware errors and maintain quantum data coherence. While quantum computers operate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Chaithanya Naik Mude , Satvik Maurya , Benjamin Lienhard , Swamit Tannu

Quantum computers could solve problems beyond the reach of classical devices, but this potential depends on quantum error correction (QEC) to protect fragile quantum states from noise. A central challenge in QEC is decoding: inferring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Tianyi Xu , Qinglong Liu , Maolin Wang , Fei Zhang , Zhe Zhao , Yang Wang , Ye Wei

Leakage, the occupation of any state not used in the computation, is one of the of the most devastating errors in quantum error correction. Transmons, the most common superconducting qubits, are weakly anharmonic multilevel systems, and are…

Superconducting quantum processor units (QPUs) are incapable of producing massive datasets for quantum error correction (QEC) because of hardware limitations. Thus, QEC decoders heavily depend on synthetic data from qubit error models.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Songhuan He , Yifei Cui , Bo Liu , Kai Guo , Cheng Wang

A fundamental challenge for quantum information processing is reducing the impact of environmentally-induced errors. Quantum error detection (QED) provides one approach to handling such errors, in which errors are rejected when they are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-28 Y. P. Zhong , Z. L. Wang , John M. Martinis , A. N. Cleland , A. N. Korotkov , H. Wang

Quantum computing is poised to solve practically useful problems which are computationally intractable for classical supercomputers. However, the current generation of quantum computers are limited by errors that may only partially be…

Spin ensembles are promising quantum technological platforms, but their utility relies on the ability to perform quantum error correction (QEC) for the specific decoherence in these systems. Typical QEC for ensembles requires addressing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-22 Harsh Sharma , Himadri Shekhar Dhar , Hoi-Kwan Lau

While adiabatic quantum computation (AQC) possesses some intrinsic robustness to noise, it is expected that a form of error control will be necessary for large scale computations. Error control ideas developed for circuit-model quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-20 Kevin C. Young , Mohan Sarovar

At the intersection of quantum computing and machine learning, quantum machine learning (QML) is poised to revolutionize artificial intelligence. However, the vulnerability of the current generation of quantum computers to noise and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Eromanga Adermann , Haiyue Kang , Martin Sevior , Muhammad Usman

Quantum data is susceptible to decoherence induced by the environment and to errors in the hardware processing it. A future fault-tolerant quantum computer will use quantum error correction (QEC) to actively protect against both. In the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-30 D. Ristè , S. Poletto , M. -Z. Huang , A. Bruno , V. Vesterinen , O. -P. Saira , L. DiCarlo

Rapid and accurate initialization of qubits, reset, is a crucial building block for various tasks in quantum information processing, such as quantum error-correction and estimation of statistics of noisy quantum devices with many qubits. We…