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We investigate the formation of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) using the Auriga high-resolution cosmological magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of Milky Way-sized galaxies. We identify a sample of $92$ UDGs in the simulations that match a…

We use the highest-resolution EAGLE simulation, Recal-L025N0752, to study the properties and formation of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs). We identify 181 UDGs and find their properties closely match observations. The total masses of EAGLE…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-01 Haonan Zheng , Shihong Liao , Liang Gao , Fangzhou Jiang

Some Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) appear to host exceptionally rich globular cluster (GC) systems compared to normal galaxies of the same stellar mass. After re-examing these claims, we focus on a small sample of UDGs from the literature…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-01-17 Duncan A. Forbes , Jonah Gannon

We report the discovery of 854 ultra diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the Coma cluster using deep R band images, with partial B, i, and Halpha band coverage, obtained with the Subaru telescope. Many of them (332) are Milky Way-sized with very…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-08 Jin Koda , Masafumi Yagi , Hitomi Yamanoi , Yutaka Komiyama

This paper introduces a novel family of outlier detection algorithms based on Cluster Catch Digraphs (CCDs), specifically tailored to address the challenges of high dimensionality and varying cluster shapes, which deteriorate the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-10 Rui Shi , Nedret Billor , Elvan Ceyhan

In several application domains, high-dimensional observations are collected and then analysed in search for naturally occurring data clusters which might provide further insights about the nature of the problem. In this paper we describe a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-03-07 Brian McWilliams , Giovanni Montana

We study the formation of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) using the cosmological hydrodynamical simulation TNG50 of the Illustris-TNG suite. We define UDGs as dwarf galaxies in the stellar mass range $\rm{7.5 \leq log (M_{\star} / M_{\odot})…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-19 Jose A. Benavides , Laura V. Sales , Mario. G. Abadi , Federico Marinacci , Mark Vogelsberger , Lars Hernquist

Deep generative models (DGMs) for graphs achieve impressively high expressive power thanks to very efficient and scalable neural networks. However, these networks contain non-linearities that prevent analytical computation of many standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Martin Rektoris , Milan Papež , Václav Šmídl , Tomáš Pevný

We use spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting to place constraints on the stellar population properties of 29 quiescent ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) across different environments. We use the fully Bayesian routine PROSPECTOR coupled…

We report the discovery of a large population of Ultra-diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) in the massive galaxy cluster Abell 2744 (z=0.308) as observed by the Hubble Frontier Fields program. Since this cluster is ~5 times more massive than Coma, our…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-04-19 Steven Janssens , Roberto Abraham , Jean Brodie , Duncan Forbes , Aaron J. Romanowsky , Pieter van Dokkum

Stage-IV galaxy surveys will provide the opportunity to test cosmological models and the underlying theory of gravity with unparalleled precision. In this context, it is crucial for the Euclid mission to leverage its spectroscopic and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-16 Euclid Collaboration , M. -A. Breton , P. Fosalba , S. Avila , M. Baldi , C. Carbone , M. Kärcher , G. Rácz , M. Bolzonella , F. J. Castander , C. Giocoli , K. Koyama , A. M. C. Le Brun , L. Pozzetti , A. G. Adame , V. Gonzalez-Perez , G. Yepes , B. Altieri , S. Andreon , C. Baccigalupi , S. Bardelli , P. Battaglia , A. Biviano , E. Branchini , M. Brescia , S. Camera , V. Capobianco , V. F. Cardone , J. Carretero , M. Castellano , G. Castignani , S. Cavuoti , A. Cimatti , C. Colodro-Conde , G. Congedo , L. Conversi , Y. Copin , A. Costille , F. Courbin , H. M. Courtois , A. Da Silva , H. Degaudenzi , S. de la Torre , G. De Lucia , H. Dole , M. Douspis , F. Dubath , C. A. J. Duncan , X. Dupac , S. Dusini , S. Escoffier , M. Farina , R. Farinelli , S. Farrens , F. Faustini , S. Ferriol , F. Finelli , S. Fotopoulou , N. Fourmanoit , M. Frailis , E. Franceschi , M. Fumana , S. Galeotta , K. George , B. Gillis , J. Gracia-Carpio , A. Grazian , F. Grupp , S. V. H. Haugan , W. Holmes , F. Hormuth , A. Hornstrup , K. Jahnke , M. Jhabvala , B. Joachimi , S. Kermiche , A. Kiessling , M. Kilbinger , B. Kubik , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , S. Ligori , P. B. Lilje , V. Lindholm , I. Lloro , G. Mainetti , O. Mansutti , O. Marggraf , M. Martinelli , N. Martinet , F. Marulli , R. J. Massey , E. Medinaceli , S. Mei , M. Meneghetti , E. Merlin , G. Meylan , A. Mora , M. Moresco , L. Moscardini , C. Neissner , S. -M. Niemi , J. W. Nightingale , C. Padilla , S. Paltani , F. Pasian , K. Pedersen , V. Pettorino , S. Pires , G. Polenta , M. Poncet , L. A. Popa , F. Raison , A. Renzi , J. Rhodes , G. Riccio , E. Romelli , M. Roncarelli , R. Saglia , Z. Sakr , D. Sapone , B. Sartoris , A. Secroun , G. Seidel , E. Sihvola , P. Simon , C. Sirignano , G. Sirri , A. Spurio Mancini , L. Stanco , P. Tallada-Crespí , A. N. Taylor , I. Tereno , N. Tessore , S. Toft , R. Toledo-Moreo , F. Torradeflot , I. Tutusaus , E. A. Valentijn , J. Valiviita , T. Vassallo , G. Verdoes Kleijn , Y. Wang , J. Weller , G. Zamorani , F. M. Zerbi , E. Zucca , M. Ballardini , A. Boucaud , E. Bozzo , C. Burigana , R. Cabanac , M. Calabrese , A. Cappi , T. Castro , J. A. Escartin Vigo , G. Fabbian , L. Gabarra , J. García-Bellido , S. Hemmati , J. Macias-Perez , R. Maoli , J. Martín-Fleitas , N. Mauri , R. B. Metcalf , P. Monaco , A. Pezzotta , M. Pöntinen , I. Risso , V. Scottez , M. Sereno , M. Tenti , M. Tucci , M. Viel , M. Wiesmann , Y. Akrami , I. T. Andika , G. Angora , M. Archidiacono , F. Atrio-Barandela , L. Bazzanini , J. Bel , D. Bertacca , M. Bethermin , F. Beutler , A. Blanchard , L. Blot , M. Bonici , S. Borgani , M. L. Brown , S. Bruton , B. Camacho Quevedo , F. Caro , C. S. Carvalho , F. Cogato , A. R. Cooray , S. Davini , G. Desprez , A. Díaz-Sánchez , S. Di Domizio , J. M. Diego , V. Duret , A. Eggemeier , M. Y. Elkhashab , A. Enia , Y. Fang , A. Finoguenov , F. Fontanot , A. Franco , K. Ganga , T. Gasparetto , R. Gavazzi , E. Gaztanaga , F. Giacomini , F. Gianotti , G. Gozaliasl , A. Gruppuso , M. Guidi , C. M. Gutierrez , A. Hall , H. Hildebrandt , J. Hjorth , J. J. E. Kajava , Y. Kang , V. Kansal , D. Karagiannis , K. Kiiveri , J. Kim , C. C. Kirkpatrick , S. Kruk , M. Lattanzi , J. Le Graet , L. Legrand , M. Lembo , F. Lepori , G. Leroy , G. F. Lesci , J. Lesgourgues , T. I. Liaudat , S. J. Liu , X. Lopez Lopez , M. Magliocchetti , A. Manjón-García , F. Mannucci , C. J. A. P. Martins , L. Maurin , M. Miluzio , A. Montoro , C. Moretti , G. Morgante , S. Nadathur , K. Naidoo , A. Navarro-Alsina , S. Nesseris , L. Pagano , D. Paoletti , F. Passalacqua , K. Paterson , L. Patrizii , C. Pattison , A. Pisani , D. Potter , G. W. Pratt , S. Quai , M. Radovich , K. Rojas , W. Roster , S. Sacquegna , M. Sahlén , D. B. Sanders , E. Sarpa , A. Schneider , M. Schultheis , D. Sciotti , E. Sellentin , L. C. Smith , J. G. Sorce , K. Tanidis , F. Tarsitano , G. Testera , R. Teyssier , S. Tosi , A. Troja , C. Valieri , A. Venhola , D. Vergani , F. Vernizzi , G. Verza , S. Vinciguerra , N. A. Walton , A. H. Wright , H. W. Yeung

Thanks to technological advances leading to near-continuous time observations, emerging multivariate point process data offer new opportunities for causal discovery. However, a key obstacle in achieving this goal is that many relevant…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-15 Xu Wang , Ali Shojaie

Galaxy morphology offers significant insights into the evolutionary pathways and underlying physics of galaxies. As astronomical data grows with surveys such as Euclid and Vera C. Rubin , there is a need for tools to classify and analyze…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-18 I. Kolesnikov , V. M. Sampaio , R. R. de Carvalho , C. Conselice , S. B. Rembold , C. L. Mendes , R. R. Rosa

Recently, very massive compact stellar systems have been discovered in the intracluster regions of galaxy clusters and in the nuclear regions of late-type disk galaxies. It is unclear how these compact stellar systems -- known as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kenji Bekki , Warrick J. Couch , Michael J. Drinkwater , Yasuhiro Shioya

The environment plays a critical role in galaxy evolution, with galaxy clusters and their infall regions offering diverse conditions that shape galaxies before they enter the dense cluster core, a process known as ``pre-processing''.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-15 Rhys Jordan , Meghan E. Gray , Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca , Steven P. Bamford , Frazer R. Pearce , Roan Haggar

We have developed a search methodology to identify galaxy protoclusters at $z>2.74$, and implemented it on a sample of $\sim$14,000 galaxies with previously measured redshifts. The results of this search are recorded in the Candidate…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-02-03 J. R. Franck , S. S. McGaugh

A new method that accurately describes strongly correlated states and captures dynamical correlation is presented. It is derived as a modification of coupled-cluster theory with single and double excitations (CCSD) through consideration of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-07-15 Daniel Kats , Frederick R. Manby

We present a homogeneous catalog of 275 large (effective radius $\gtrsim$ 5.3 arcsec) ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) candidates lying within an $\approx$ 290 square degree region surrounding the Coma cluster. The catalog results from our…

With the advent of future big-data surveys, automated tools for unsupervised discovery are becoming ever more necessary. In this work, we explore the ability of deep generative networks for detecting outliers in astronomical imaging…

We investigate the ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) UGC 9050-Dw1, which was selected because of its disturbed morphology as part of a larger sample of UDGs that display evidence for significant interactions. We use the Hubble Space Telescope's…

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