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We develop a flexible stochastic approximation framework for analyzing the long-run behavior of learning in games (both continuous and finite). The proposed analysis template incorporates a wide array of popular learning algorithms,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Ya-Ping Hsieh , Volkan Cevher

Motivated by the omnipresence of hierarchical structures in many real-world applications, this study delves into the intricate realm of bi-level games, with a specific focus on exploring local Stackelberg equilibria as a solution concept.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-23 Marko Maljkovic , Gustav Nilsson , Nikolas Geroliminis

This paper proposes a novel iterative algorithm to compute the stabilizing solution of regime-switching stochastic game-theoretic Riccati differential equations with periodic coefficients. The method decomposes the original complex…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Yiyuan Wang

Recent successes of game-theoretic formulations in ML have caused a resurgence of research interest in differentiable games. Overwhelmingly, that research focuses on methods and upper bounds on their speed of convergence. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Adam Ibrahim , Waïss Azizian , Gauthier Gidel , Ioannis Mitliagkas

We study a new two-time-scale stochastic gradient method for solving optimization problems, where the gradients are computed with the aid of an auxiliary variable under samples generated by time-varying MDPs controlled by the underlying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Sihan Zeng , Thinh T. Doan , Justin Romberg

We introduce and study incentive equilibria for multi-player meanpayoff games. Incentive equilibria generalise well-studied solution concepts such as Nash equilibria and leader equilibria (also known as Stackelberg equilibria). Recall that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Anshul Gupta , M. S. Krishna Deepak , Bharath Kumar Padarthi , Sven Schewe , Ashutosh Trivedi

We study a continuous-time stochastic Stackelberg game in which a leader seeks to accomplish a primary objective while inferring a hidden parameter of a rational follower. The follower solves an entropy-regularized tracking problem and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Ruimeng Hu , Daniel Ralston , Xu Yang , Haosheng Zhou

The multilevel reverse Stackelberg game is considered. In this game, the leader controls the outcome by announcing a strategy as a function of decision variables of the followers to his/her own decision space. Corresponding to the leader's…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-01 Seyfe Belete Worku , Birilew Belayneh Tsegaw , Semu Mitiku Kassa

Stochastic games generalize Markov decision processes (MDPs) to a multiagent setting by allowing the state transitions to depend jointly on all player actions, and having rewards determined by multiplayer matrix games at each state. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Michael Kearns , Yishay Mansour , Satinder Singh

Adversarial regularization has been shown to improve the generalization performance of deep learning models in various natural language processing tasks. Existing works usually formulate the method as a zero-sum game, which is solved by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Simiao Zuo , Chen Liang , Haoming Jiang , Xiaodong Liu , Pengcheng He , Jianfeng Gao , Weizhu Chen , Tuo Zhao

In competitive multi-player interactions, simultaneous optimality is a key requirement for establishing strategic equilibria. This property is explicit when the game-theoretic equilibrium is the simultaneously optimal solution of coupled…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Sarah H. Q. Li , Yue Yu , Florian Dörfler , John Lygeros

This paper considers an $N$-player stochastic Nash game in which the $i$th player minimizes a composite objective $f_i(x) + r_i(x_i)$, where $f_i$ is expectation-valued and $r_i$ has an efficient prox-evaluation. In this context, we make…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-26 Jinlong Lei , Uday V. Shanbhag

Nonzero-sum stochastic differential games with impulse controls offer a realistic and far-reaching modelling framework for applications within finance, energy markets, and other areas, but the difficulty in solving such problems has…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-29 Diego Zabaljauregui

Solving feedback Stackelberg games with nonlinear dynamics and coupled constraints, a common scenario in practice, presents significant challenges. This work introduces an efficient method for computing approximate local feedback…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Jingqi Li , Somayeh Sojoudi , Claire Tomlin , David Fridovich-Keil

This article introduces a class of $Nash$ games among $Stackelberg$ players ($NASPs$), namely, a class of simultaneous non-cooperative games where the players solve sequential Stackelberg games. Specifically, each player solves a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Margarida Carvalho , Gabriele Dragotto , Felipe Feijoo , Andrea Lodi , Sriram Sankaranarayanan

This report investigates the optimal design of event-triggered estimation for first-order linear stochastic systems. The problem is posed as a two-player team problem with a partially nested information pattern. The two players are given by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-03-23 Adam Molin , Sandra Hirche

We consider the problem of simultaneous learning in stochastic games with many players in the finite-horizon setting. While the typical target solution for a stochastic game is a Nash equilibrium, this is intractable with many players. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-27 William Brown

This work introduces a unified framework for analyzing games in greater depth. In the existing literature, players' strategies are typically assigned scalar values, and equilibrium concepts are used to identify compatible choices. However,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Melih İşeri , Erhan Bayraktar

The state of the art in solving nonconvex nonsmooth games under uncertainty remains in its infancy. Existing studies primarily rely on stringent growth conditions or local convexity-like properties, making the development of alternative…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Zhuoyu Xiao

This paper is concerned with a two-person zero-sum indefinite stochastic linear-quadratic Stackelberg differential game with asymmetric informational uncertainties, where both the leader and follower face different and unknown disturbances.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Na Xiang , Jingtao Shi