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Multi-hop question answering requires a model to connect multiple pieces of evidence scattered in a long context to answer the question. In this paper, we show that in the multi-hop HotpotQA (Yang et al., 2018) dataset, the examples often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Yichen Jiang , Mohit Bansal

A multi-hop question answering (QA) dataset aims to test reasoning and inference skills by requiring a model to read multiple paragraphs to answer a given question. However, current datasets do not provide a complete explanation for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Xanh Ho , Anh-Khoa Duong Nguyen , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa

Question generation (QG) attempts to solve the inverse of question answering (QA) problem by generating a natural language question given a document and an answer. While sequence to sequence neural models surpass rule-based systems for QG,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Deepak Gupta , Hardik Chauhan , Akella Ravi Tej , Asif Ekbal , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Explainable multi-hop question answering (QA) not only predicts answers but also identifies rationales, i. e. subsets of input sentences used to derive the answers. This problem has been extensively studied under the supervised setting,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Wenting Zhao , Justin T. Chiu , Claire Cardie , Alexander M. Rush

General Question Answering (QA) systems over texts require the multi-hop reasoning capability, i.e. the ability to reason with information collected from multiple passages to derive the answer. In this paper we conduct a systematic analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Haoyu Wang , Mo Yu , Xiaoxiao Guo , Rajarshi Das , Wenhan Xiong , Tian Gao

Multi-hop question answering requires models to gather information from different parts of a text to answer a question. Most current approaches learn to address this task in an end-to-end way with neural networks, without maintaining an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Jifan Chen , Shih-ting Lin , Greg Durrett

Recent years have witnessed impressive advances in challenging multi-hop QA tasks. However, these QA models may fail when faced with some disturbance in the input text and their interpretability for conducting multi-hop reasoning remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Jiayu Ding , Siyuan Wang , Qin Chen , Zhongyu Wei

Generative question answering (QA) models generate answers to questions either solely based on the parameters of the model (the closed-book setting) or additionally retrieving relevant evidence (the open-book setting). Generative QA models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zhengbao Jiang , Jun Araki , Haibo Ding , Graham Neubig

Several multi-hop reading comprehension datasets have been proposed to resolve the issue of reasoning shortcuts by which questions can be answered without performing multi-hop reasoning. However, the ability of multi-hop models to perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Xanh Ho , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa

Reinforcement learning has recently shown promise in improving retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Despite these advances, its effectiveness in multi-hop question answering (QA) remains limited by two fundamental limitations: (i) global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jinchang Luo , Mingquan Cheng , Fan Wan , Ni Li , Xiaoling Xia , Shuangshuang Tian , Tingcheng Bian , Haiwei Wang , Haohuan Fu , Yan Tao

Multi-hop question answering (QA) necessitates multi-step reasoning and retrieval across interconnected subjects, attributes, and relations. Existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods struggle to capture these structural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Jimeng Shi , Wei Hu , Runchu Tian , Bowen Jin , Wonbin Kweon , SeongKu Kang , Yunfan Kang , Dingqi Ye , Sizhe Zhou , Shaowen Wang , Jiawei Han

This paper studies the bias problem of multi-hop question answering models, of answering correctly without correct reasoning. One way to robustify these models is by supervising to not only answer right, but also with right reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Kyungjae Lee , Seung-won Hwang , Sang-eun Han , Dohyeon Lee

Question Answering (QA) naturally reduces to an entailment problem, namely, verifying whether some text entails the answer to a question. However, for multi-hop QA tasks, which require reasoning with multiple sentences, it remains unclear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Harsh Trivedi , Heeyoung Kwon , Tushar Khot , Ashish Sabharwal , Niranjan Balasubramanian

Multi-hop Question Answering (QA) is a challenging task since it requires an accurate aggregation of information from multiple context paragraphs and a thorough understanding of the underlying reasoning chains. Recent work in multi-hop QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Kaige Xie , Sarah Wiegreffe , Mark Riedl

Reading comprehension QA tasks have seen a recent surge in popularity, yet most works have focused on fact-finding extractive QA. We instead focus on a more challenging multi-hop generative task (NarrativeQA), which requires the model to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Lisa Bauer , Yicheng Wang , Mohit Bansal

Multi-hop question answering (QA) requires systems to iteratively retrieve evidence and reason across multiple hops. While recent RAG and agentic methods report strong results, the underlying retrieval--reasoning \emph{process} is often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yuelyu Ji , Zhuochun Li , Rui Meng , Daqing He

In the question answering(QA) task, multi-hop reasoning framework has been extensively studied in recent years to perform more efficient and interpretable answer reasoning on the Knowledge Graph(KG). However, multi-hop reasoning is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yao Zhang , Peiyao Li , Hongru Liang , Adam Jatowt , Zhenglu Yang

Multi-hop QA requires reasoning over multiple supporting facts to answer the question. However, the existing QA models always rely on shortcuts, e.g., providing the true answer by only one fact, rather than multi-hop reasoning, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Wangzhen Guo , Qinkang Gong , Hanjiang Lai

Multi-hop question answering (QA) requires a model to retrieve and integrate information from different parts of a long text to answer a question. Humans answer this kind of complex questions via a divide-and-conquer approach. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Yixuan Tang , Hwee Tou Ng , Anthony K. H. Tung

Has there been real progress in multi-hop question-answering? Models often exploit dataset artifacts to produce correct answers, without connecting information across multiple supporting facts. This limits our ability to measure true…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Harsh Trivedi , Niranjan Balasubramanian , Tushar Khot , Ashish Sabharwal
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