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Recently, large language models (LLMs) have taken the spotlight in natural language processing. Further, integrating LLMs with vision enables the users to explore more emergent abilities in multimodality. Visual language models (VLMs), such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Minh-Hao Van , Xintao Wu

The proliferation of social media platforms has led to an increase in the spread of hate speech, particularly targeting vulnerable communities. Unfortunately, existing methods for automatically identifying and blocking toxic language rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Shiza Ali , Jeremy Blackburn , Gianluca Stringhini

In the wake of a polarizing election, the cyber world is laden with hate speech. Context accompanying a hate speech text is useful for identifying hate speech, which however has been largely overlooked in existing datasets and hate speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Lei Gao , Ruihong Huang

Hate speech frequently appears on social media platforms and urgently needs to be effectively controlled. Alleviating the bias caused by hate speech can help resolve various ethical issues. Although existing research has constructed several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Hongyan Wu , Zhengming Chen , Zijian Li , Nankai Lin , Lianxi Wang , Shengyi Jiang , Aimin Yang

With the increasing use of machine-learning driven algorithmic judgements, it is critical to develop models that are robust to evolving or manipulated inputs. We propose an extensive analysis of model robustness against linguistic variation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Maria Glenski , Ellyn Ayton , Robin Cosbey , Dustin Arendt , Svitlana Volkova

Modern self-driving perception systems have been shown to improve upon processing complementary inputs such as LiDAR with images. In isolation, 2D images have been found to be extremely vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Yet, there have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-10 James Tu , Huichen Li , Xinchen Yan , Mengye Ren , Yun Chen , Ming Liang , Eilyan Bitar , Ersin Yumer , Raquel Urtasun

Hate speech detection is a crucial area of research in natural language processing, essential for ensuring online community safety. However, detecting implicit hate speech, where harmful intent is conveyed in subtle or indirect ways,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yumin Kim , Hwanhee Lee

Adversarial attack perturbs an image with an imperceptible noise, leading to incorrect model prediction. Recently, a few works showed inherent bias associated with such attack (robustness bias), where certain subgroups in a dataset (e.g.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Gaurav Kumar Nayak , Ruchit Rawal , Rohit Lal , Himanshu Patil , Anirban Chakraborty

Wide usage of social media platforms has increased the risk of aggression, which results in mental stress and affects the lives of people negatively like psychological agony, fighting behavior, and disrespect to others. Majority of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Anant Khandelwal , Niraj Kumar

The convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is increasingly being applied to new domains, such as malware detection, where it is able to learn malicious behavior from raw bytes extracted from executables. These architectures reach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Octavian Suciu , Scott E. Coull , Jeffrey Johns

This paper reveals a data bias issue that can severely affect the performance while conducting a machine learning model for malicious URL detection. We describe how such bias can be identified using interpretable machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 YunDa Tsai , Cayon Liow , Yin Sheng Siang , Shou-De Lin

Model providers increasingly release open weights or allow users to fine-tune foundation models through APIs. Although these models are safety-aligned before release, their safeguards can often be removed by fine-tuning on harmful data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Itay Zloczower , Eyal Lenga , Gilad Gressel , Yisroel Mirsky

The goal of hate speech detection is to filter negative online content aiming at certain groups of people. Due to the easy accessibility of social media platforms it is crucial to protect everyone which requires building hate speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Irina Bigoulaeva , Viktor Hangya , Iryna Gurevych , Alexander Fraser

With the recent surge and exponential growth of social media usage, scrutinizing social media content for the presence of any hateful content is of utmost importance. Researchers have been diligently working since the past decade on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Atanu Mandal , Gargi Roy , Amit Barman , Indranil Dutta , Sudip Kumar Naskar

We investigate the adversarial robustness of LLMs in transfer learning scenarios. Through comprehensive experiments on multiple datasets (MBIB Hate Speech, MBIB Political Bias, MBIB Gender Bias) and various model architectures (BERT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Bohdan Turbal , Anastasiia Mazur , Jiaxu Zhao , Mykola Pechenizkiy

The dynamic expansion of social media has led to an inundation of hateful memes on media platforms, accentuating the growing need for efficient identification and removal. Acknowledging the constraints of conventional multimodal hateful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Junxi Liu , Yanyan Feng , Jiehai Chen , Yun Xue , Fenghuan Li

The rise in the number of social media users has led to an increase in the hateful content posted online. In countries like India, where multiple languages are spoken, these abhorrent posts are from an unusual blend of code-switched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Kshitij Rajput , Raghav Kapoor , Kaushal Rai , Preeti Kaur

As neural networks become the tool of choice to solve an increasing variety of problems in our society, adversarial attacks become critical. The possibility of generating data instances deliberately designed to fool a network's analysis can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Gabriel D. Cantareira , Rodrigo F. Mello , Fernando V. Paulovich

Convolutional neural networks have been used to achieve a string of successes during recent years, but their lack of interpretability remains a serious issue. Adversarial examples are designed to deliberately fool neural networks into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Jan Philip Göpfert , André Artelt , Heiko Wersing , Barbara Hammer

Harmful or abusive online content has been increasing over time, raising concerns for social media platforms, government agencies, and policymakers. Such harmful or abusive content can have major negative impact on society, e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Rabindra Nath Nandi , Firoj Alam , Preslav Nakov