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Instrumental variables (IV) estimation suffers selection bias when the analysis conditions on the treatment. Judea Pearl's early graphical definition of instrumental variables explicitly prohibited conditioning on the treatment.…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-05-20 Felix Elwert , Elan Segarra

We study identification in nonparametric regression models with a misclassified and endogenous binary regressor when an instrument is correlated with misclassification error. We show that the regression function is nonparametrically…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-08-31 Hiroyuki Kasahara , Katsumi Shimotsu

Majorization-minimization algorithms consist of successively minimizing a sequence of upper bounds of the objective function. These upper bounds are tight at the current estimate, and each iteration monotonically drives the objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-02-03 Julien Mairal

Instrumental variables are commonly used to estimate effects of a treatment afflicted by unmeasured confounding, and in practice instruments are often continuous (e.g., measures of distance, or treatment preference). However, available…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-05 Edward H. Kennedy , Scott A. Lorch , Dylan S. Small

Motivated by the need for efficient estimation of conditional expectations, we consider a least-squares function approximation problem with heavily polluted data. Existing methods that are effective in the small-noise regime are suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Ben Adcock , Bernhard Hientzsch , Akil Narayan , Yiming Xu

We study recovery of piecewise-constant signals on graphs by the estimator minimizing an $l_0$-edge-penalized objective. Although exact minimization of this objective may be computationally intractable, we show that the same statistical…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-29 Zhou Fan , Leying Guan

We study kernel least-squares estimation under a norm constraint. This form of regularisation is known as Ivanov regularisation and it provides better control of the norm of the estimator than the well-established Tikhonov regularisation.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Stephen Page , Steffen Grünewälder

Instrumental variables (IV) are a useful tool for estimating causal effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding. IV methods are well developed for uncensored outcomes, particularly for structural linear equation models, where simple…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-01 Behzad Kianian , Jung In Kim , Jason P. Fine , Limin Peng

Significant attention has been given to minimizing a penalized least squares criterion for estimating sparse solutions to large linear systems of equations. The penalty is responsible for inducing sparsity and the natural choice is the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-20 Goran Marjanovic , Magnus O. Ulfarsson , Alfred O. Hero

This paper focuses on investigating an inexact stochastic model-based optimization algorithm that integrates preconditioning techniques for solving stochastic composite optimization problems. The proposed framework unifies and extends the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Chenglong Bao , Yancheng Yuan , Shulan Zhu

Missing data occur frequently in empirical studies in health and social sciences, often compromising our ability to make accurate inferences. An outcome is said to be missing not at random (MNAR) if, conditional on the observed variables,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-23 BaoLuo Sun , Lan Liu , Wang Miao , Kathleen Wirth , James Robins , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

We study the problem of nonparametric instrumental variable regression with observed covariates, which we refer to as NPIV-O. Compared with standard nonparametric instrumental variable regression (NPIV), the additional observed covariates…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-25 Zikai Shen , Zonghao Chen , Dimitri Meunier , Ingo Steinwart , Arthur Gretton , Zhu Li

As opaque predictive models increasingly impact many areas of modern life, interest in quantifying the importance of a given input variable for making a specific prediction has grown. Recently, there has been a proliferation of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-20 Yue Gao , Abby Stevens , Rebecca Willet , Garvesh Raskutti

We consider a linear model where the coefficients - intercept and slopes - are random with a law in a nonparametric class and independent from the regressors. Identification often requires the regressors to have a support which is the whole…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-22 Christophe Gaillac , Eric Gautier

Isotonic regression provides a flexible, tuning-free approach to estimating monotonic functions without imposing global curvature constraints, yet the estimated regression function is inherently a step function. This paper addresses a key…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Timo Kuosmanen , Juan F. Monge , José L. Ruiz , Xun Zhou

We consider the estimation problem in a regression setting where the outcome variable is subject to nonignorable missingness and identifiability is ensured by the shadow variable approach. We propose a versatile estimation procedure where…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-09 Jiwei Zhao , Yanyuan Ma

Linear Least Squares is a very well known technique for parameter estimation, which is used even when sub-optimal, because of its very low computational requirements and the fact that exact knowledge of the noise statistics is not required.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-16 Michael Krikheli , Amir Leshem

We consider a regression framework where the design points are deterministic and the errors possibly non-i.i.d. and heavy-tailed (with a moment of order $p$ in $[1,2]$). Given a class of candidate regression functions, we propose a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Yannick Baraud , Guillaume Maillard

For linear time-invariant systems with uncertain parameters belonging to a finite set, we present a purely deterministic approach to multiple-model estimation and propose an algorithm based on the minimax criterion using constrained…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-18 Olle Kjellqvist , Anders Rantzer

This paper studies the minimax rate of nonparametric conditional density estimation under a weighted absolute value loss function in a multivariate setting. We first demonstrate that conditional density estimation is impossible if one only…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-15 Michael Li , Matey Neykov , Sivaraman Balakrishnan