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Organisations disclose their privacy practices by posting privacy policies on their website. Even though users often care about their digital privacy, they often don't read privacy policies since they require a significant investment in…
Recent developments in language modeling have increased their use in various applications and domains. Language models, often trained on sensitive data, can memorize and disclose this information during privacy attacks, raising concerns…
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) becomes a standard law for data protection in many countries. Currently, twelve countries adopt the regulation and establish their GDPR-like regulation. However, to evaluate the differences and…
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across multilingual applications that handle sensitive data, yet their scale and linguistic variability introduce major privacy risks. Mostly evaluated for English, this paper…
Word choice is dependent on the cultural context of writers and their subjects. Different words are used to describe similar actions, objects, and features based on factors such as class, race, gender, geography and political affinity.…
Natural language reflects our private lives and identities, making its privacy concerns as broad as those of real life. Language models lack the ability to understand the context and sensitivity of text, and tend to memorize phrases present…
Web services are important in the processing of personal data in the World Wide Web. In light of recent data protection regulations, this processing raises a question about consent or other basis of legal processing. While a consent must be…
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is an essential subset of artificial intelligence. It has become effective in several domains, such as healthcare, finance, and media, to identify perceptions, opinions, and misuse, among others. Privacy is…
Privacy policies are essential for users to understand how service providers handle their personal data. However, these documents are often long and complex, as well as filled with technobabble and legalese, causing users to unknowingly…
Privacy policies provide individuals with information about their rights and how their personal information is handled. Natural language understanding (NLU) technologies can support individuals and practitioners to understand better privacy…
LLMs driven products were increasingly prevalent in our daily lives, With a natural language based interaction style, people may potentially leak their personal private information. Thus, privacy policy and user agreement played an…
Large language models (LLMs) are complex artificial intelligence systems capable of understanding, generating and translating human language. They learn language patterns by analyzing large amounts of text data, allowing them to perform…
Since the introduction of the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), software developers increasingly have to make privacy-related decisions during system design and…
Machine learning based classifiers that take a privacy policy as the input and predict relevant concepts are useful in different applications such as (semi-)automated compliance analysis against requirements of the EU GDPR. In all past…
Privacy Policies are the legal documents that describe the practices that an organization or company has adopted in the handling of the personal data of its users. But as policies are a legal document, they are often written in extensive…
For security and privacy management and enforcement purposes, various policy languages have been presented. We give an overview on 27 security and privacy policy languages and present a categorization framework for policy languages. We show…
The reliance of Large Language Models and Internet of Things systems on massive, globally distributed data flows creates systemic security and privacy challenges. When data traverses borders, it becomes subject to conflicting legal regimes,…
Privacy policies are long and complex documents that are difficult for users to read and understand, and yet, they have legal effects on how user data is collected, managed and used. Ideally, we would like to empower users to inform…
This paper experiments with frequency-based corpus similarity measures across 39 languages using a register prediction task. The goal is to quantify (i) the distance between different corpora from the same language and (ii) the homogeneity…
Privacy preservation and the protection of speech data is in high demand, not least as a result of recent regulation, e.g. the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the EU. While there has been a period with which to prepare for its…