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In order to survive, reproduce and (in multicellular organisms) differentiate, cells must control the concentrations of the myriad different proteins that are encoded in the genome. The precision of this control is limited by the inevitable…
Data taking values on discrete sample spaces are the embodiment of modern biological research. "Omics" experiments produce millions of symbolic outcomes in the form of reads (i.e., DNA sequences of a few dozens to a few hundred…
Charge diffusion through desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a physico-chemical phenomenon that on the one hand is being explored for technological purposes, on the other hand is applied by nature for various informational processes in life.…
Training dialogue systems often entails dealing with noisy training examples and unexpected user inputs. Despite their prevalence, there currently lacks an accurate survey of dialogue noise, nor is there a clear sense of the impact of each…
The risk of false positive results in noninvasive prenatal diagnosis focused on fetal gender and RhD status determination could be a problem in clinical routine. This is because these tests are based on detection of presence of DNA…
Extracting noisy or incorrectly labeled samples from a labeled dataset with hard/difficult samples is an important yet under-explored topic. Two general and often independent lines of work exist, one focuses on addressing noisy labels, and…
Monte Carlo methods are often employed to numerically integrate kinetic equations, such as the particle-in-cell method for the plasma kinetic equation, but these methods suffer from the introduction of counting noise to the solution. We…
We report shot noise cross correlation measurements in a four terminal beam splitter configuration. By using two tunnel barriers as independent electron sources with tunable statistics and energy, we can adjust the degree of quantum…
Plasmids are extra-chromosomal DNA molecules which code for their own replication. We previously reported a setup using genes coding for fluorescent proteins of two colors that allowed us, using a simple model, to extract the plasmid copy…
Although numerous methods to reduce the overfitting of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) exist, it is still not clear how to confidently measure the degree of overfitting. A metric reflecting the overfitting level might be, however,…
We formulate sequence to sequence transduction as a noisy channel decoding problem and use recurrent neural networks to parameterise the source and channel models. Unlike direct models which can suffer from explaining-away effects during…
How to induce differentiated cells into pluripotent cells has elicited researchers' interests for a long time since pluripotent stem cells are able to offer remarkable potential in numerous subfields of biological research. However, the…
A technique is described for removing interference from a signal of interest ("channel 1") which is one of a set of N time-domain instrumental signals ("channels 1 to N"). We assume that channel 1 is a linear combination of "true" signal…
Quantum computing testbeds exhibit high-fidelity quantum control over small collections of qubits, enabling performance of precise, repeatable operations followed by measurements. Currently, these noisy intermediate-scale devices can…
Can prelife proceed without cell division? A recently proposed mechanism suggests that transient compartmentalization could have preceded cell division in prebiotic scenarios. Here, we study transient compartmentalization dynamics in the…
Voice-over-Internet-Protocol (VoIP) calls are prone to various speech impairments due to environmental and network conditions resulting in bad user experience. A reliable audio impairment classifier helps to identify the cause for bad audio…
Data quality plays a central role in the performance and robustness of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for image classification. While high-quality data is often preferred for training, real-world inputs are frequently affected by…
In cytometry, it is difficult to disentangle the contributions of population variance and instrument noise towards total measured variation. Fundamentally, this is due to the fact that one cannot measure the same particle multiple times. We…
We estimate the role of noise in the formation of entanglement and in the appearance of single- and two-electron interference in systems of coupled one-dimensional channels semiconductors. Two cases are considered: a single-particle…
We investigate the estimation of the causal effect of a treatment variable on an outcome in the presence of a latent confounder. We first show that the causal effect is identifiable under certain conditions when data is available from…