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In this work, we propose Natural Hypergradient Descent (NHGD), a new method for solving bilevel optimization problems. To address the computational bottleneck in hypergradient estimation--namely, the need to compute or approximate Hessian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Deyi Kong , Zaiwei Chen , Shuzhong Zhang , Shancong Mou

The root-cause diagnostics of product quality defects in multistage manufacturing processes often requires a joint identification of crucial stages and process variables. To meet this requirement, this paper proposes a novel penalized…

Applications · Statistics 2020-06-11 Cheoljoon Jeong , Xiaolei Fang

Bilevel optimization, addressing challenges in hierarchical learning tasks, has gained significant interest in machine learning. The practical implementation of the gradient descent method to bilevel optimization encounters computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Sheng Fang , Yong-Jin Liu , Wei Yao , Chengming Yu , Jin Zhang

Simple bilevel problems are optimization problems in which we want to find an optimal solution to an inner problem that minimizes an outer objective function. Such problems appear in many machine learning and signal processing applications…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-21 Lior Doron , Shimrit Shtern

In recent years, a variety of gradient-based methods have been developed to solve Bi-Level Optimization (BLO) problems in machine learning and computer vision areas. However, the theoretical correctness and practical effectiveness of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Risheng Liu , Pan Mu , Xiaoming Yuan , Shangzhi Zeng , Jin Zhang

We present a proximal gradient method for solving convex multiobjective optimization problems, where each objective function is the sum of two convex functions, with one assumed to be continuously differentiable. The algorithm incorporates…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Yunier Bello-Cruz , J. G. Melo , L. F. Prudente , R. V. G. Serra

Deep learning based approaches like Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and DeepONets have shown promise on solving PDE constrained optimization (PDECO) problems. However, existing methods are insufficient to handle those PDE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Zhongkai Hao , Chengyang Ying , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Jian Song , Ze Cheng

Interest in bilevel optimization has grown in recent years, partially due to its applications to tackle challenging machine-learning problems. Several exciting recent works have been centered around developing efficient gradient-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Liuyuan Jiang , Quan Xiao , Victor M. Tenorio , Fernando Real-Rojas , Antonio G. Marques , Tianyi Chen

In this paper, we study a class of stochastic bilevel optimization problems, also known as stochastic simple bilevel optimization, where we minimize a smooth stochastic objective function over the optimal solution set of another stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-16 Jincheng Cao , Ruichen Jiang , Nazanin Abolfazli , Erfan Yazdandoost Hamedani , Aryan Mokhtari

We propose a federated learning method with weighted nodes in which the weights can be modified to optimize the model's performance on a separate validation set. The problem is formulated as a bilevel optimization where the inner problem is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yankun Huang , Qihang Lin , Nick Street , Stephen Baek

This paper studies a class of simple bilevel optimization problems where we minimize a composite convex function at the upper-level subject to a composite convex lower-level problem. Existing methods either provide asymptotic guarantees for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-06 Jiulin Wang , Xu Shi , Rujun Jiang

In this paper, we consider a class of nonconvex problems with linear constraints appearing frequently in the area of image processing. We solve this problem by the penalty method and propose the iteratively reweighted alternating…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-02-13 Tao Sun , Dongsheng Li , Hao Jiang , Zhe Quan

In this paper, we study a class of bilevel optimization problems where the lower-level problem is a convex composite optimization model, which arises in various applications, including bilevel hyperparameter selection for regularized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Xiaoning Bai , Shangzhi Zeng , Jin Zhang , Lezhi Zhang

We present a method for solving general nonconvex-strongly-convex bilevel optimization problems. Our method -- the \emph{Restarted Accelerated HyperGradient Descent} (\texttt{RAHGD}) method -- finds an $\epsilon$-first-order stationary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Haikuo Yang , Luo Luo , Chris Junchi Li , Michael I. Jordan

We present a novel optimization-based decoding algorithm for LDPC codes that is suitable for hardware architectures specialized to feed-forward neural networks. The algorithm is based on the projected gradient descent algorithm with a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Tadashi Wadayama , Satoshi Takabe

Bilevel optimization has recently attracted growing interests due to its wide applications in modern machine learning problems. Although recent studies have characterized the convergence rate for several such popular algorithms, it is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Kaiyi Ji , Yingbin Liang

We establish the first global convergence result of neural networks for two stage least squares (2SLS) approach in nonparametric instrumental variable regression (NPIV). This is achieved by adopting a lifted perspective through mean-field…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-19 Zonghao Chen , Atsushi Nitanda , Arthur Gretton , Taiji Suzuki

Bi-level optimization model is able to capture a wide range of complex learning tasks with practical interest. Due to the witnessed efficiency in solving bi-level programs, gradient-based methods have gained popularity in the machine…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-16 Risheng Liu , Xuan Liu , Xiaoming Yuan , Shangzhi Zeng , Jin Zhang

This paper proposes a new algorithm -- the \underline{S}ingle-timescale Do\underline{u}ble-momentum \underline{St}ochastic \underline{A}pprox\underline{i}matio\underline{n} (SUSTAIN) -- for tackling stochastic unconstrained bilevel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-16 Prashant Khanduri , Siliang Zeng , Mingyi Hong , Hoi-To Wai , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang

This research focuses on enhancing reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms by integrating penalty functions to guide agents in avoiding unwanted actions while optimizing rewards. The goal is to improve the learning process by ensuring that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Sai Gana Sandeep Pula , Sathish A. P. Kumar , Sumit Jha , Arvind Ramanathan