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When swimming at low Reynolds numbers, inertial effects are negligible and reciprocal movements cannot induce net motion. Instead, symmetry breaking is necessary to achieve net propulsion. Directed swimming can be supported by magnetic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-31 Theo Lequy , Andreas M. Menzel

Interaction of motile microrganisms with a nearby solid substrate is a well studied phenomenon. However, the effects of hydrodynamic slippage on the substrate have received a little attention. In the present study, within the framework of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-05 Antarip Poddar , Aditya Bandopadhyay , Suman Chakraborty

Studies of model microswimmers have significantly contributed to the understanding of the principles of self-propulsion we have today. However, only a small number of microswimmer types have been amenable to analytic modeling, and further…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-10 Sebastian Ziegler , Maxime Hubert , Nicolas Vandewalle , Jens Harting , Ana-Sunčana-Smith

Propulsion at microscopic scales is often achieved through propagating traveling waves along hair-like organelles called flagella. Taylor's two-dimensional swimming sheet model is frequently used to provide insight into problems of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-06-05 Thomas D. Montenegro-Johnson , Eric Lauga

Transport of material across liquid interfaces is ubiquitous for living cells and is also a crucial step in drug delivery and in many industrial processes. The fluids that are present on either side of the interfaces will usually have…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-05-24 Chao Feng , John J. Molina , Matthew S. Turner , Ryoichi Yamamoto

The journey of mammalian spermatozoa in nature is well-known to be reliant on their individual motility. Often swimming in crowded microenvironments, the progress of any single swimmer is likely dependent on their interactions with other…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-09-11 Benjamin J. Walker , Kenta Ishimoto , Eamonn A. Gaffney

We investigate the self-locomotion of an elongated microswimmer by virtue of the unidirectional tangential surface treadmilling. We show that the propulsion could be almost frictionless, as the microswimmer is propelled forward with the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 Alexander M. Leshansky , Oded Kenneth , Omri Gat , Joseph E. Avron

Synthetic microswimmers mimicking biological movements at the microscale have been developed in recent years. Actuating helical magnetic materials with a homogeneous rotating magnetic field is one of the most widespread techniques for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-03-27 Felix Bachmann Klaas Bente , Agnese Codutti , Damien Faivre

We analyze a minimal model for a rigid spherical microswimmer and explore the consequences of its extended surface on the interplay between its self-propulsion and flow properties. The model is the first order representation of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-12-06 Tapan Chandra Adhyapak , Sara Jabbari-Farouji

On the micro- and nanoscale, classical hydrodynamic boundary conditions such as the no-slip condition no longer apply. Instead, the flow profiles exhibit ``slip`` at the surface, which is characterized by a finite slip length (partial…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jens Smiatek , Michael P. Allen , Friederike Schmid

Hydrodynamic interactions in systems comprised of self-propelled particles, such as swimming microorganisms, and passive tracers have a significant impact on the tracer dynamics compared to the equivalent "dry" sample. However, such…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-05-17 Joost de Graaf , Joakim Stenhammar

We consider arbitrary-shaped microswimmers of spherical topology and propose a framework for expressing their slip velocity in terms of tangential basis functions defined on the boundary of the swimmer using the Helmholtz decomposition.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-14 Kausik Das , Hai Zhu , Marc Bonnet , Shravan Veerapaneni

We develop a numerical framework to simulate the locomotion of a flagellated bacterium with a spheroidal head (such as Escherichia coli) in biological fluids like mucus, which are entangled polymer solutions exhibiting elasto-viscoplastic…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-01 Arjun Sharma , Sabarish V. Narayanan , Sarah Hormozi , Donald L. Koch

Simulating large-scale microswimmer dynamics in viscous fluid poses significant challenges due to the coupled high spatial and temporal complexity. Conventional high-performance computing (HPC) methods often address these two dimensions in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Ruixiang Huang , Weifan Liu

Hydrodynamic interaction strongly influences the collective behavior of the microswimmers. With this work, we study the behavior of two hydrodynamically interacting self-propelled chiral swimmers in the low Reynolds number regime,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-11-28 Ruma Maity , P. S. Burada

Using multiparticle collision dynamics simulations, we investigate the swimming dynamics, orientational behavior, and hydrodynamic interactions of a model swimmer designed to mimic the isolated flagellar apparatus ($FA$) of Chlamydomonas…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Sai Venkata Ramana Ambadipudi , Albert Bae , Azam Gholami

The elastohydrodynamics of slender bodies in a viscous fluid have long been the source of theoretical investigation, being pertinent to the microscale world of ciliates and flagellates as well as to biological and engineered active matter…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-04-07 Benjamin J. Walker , Eamonn A. Gaffney

Locomotion and transport of microorganisms in fluids is an essential aspect of life. Search for food, orientation toward light, spreading of off-spring, and the formation of colonies are only possible due to locomotion. Swimming at the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-26 Jens Elgeti , Roland G. Winkler , Gerhard Gompper

We investigate a self-organized swimmer at low Reynolds numbers. The microscopic swimmer is composed of three spheres that are connected by two identical active linker arms. Each linker arm contains molecular motors and elastic elements and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2009-09-30 Stefan Gunther , Karsten Kruse

Despite substantial technological advancements, the comprehensive mapping of surface water, particularly smaller bodies (<1ha), continues to be a challenge due to a lack of robust, scalable methods. Standard methods require either training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Hunsoo Song , Jinha Jung