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The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) has reformed the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Prompting LLM with audio embeddings to generate transcriptions becomes the new state-of-the-art ASR. Despite LLMs being trained with an extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Ozlem Kalinli

The integration of natural language processing (NLP) technologies into educational applications has shown promising results, particularly in the language learning domain. Recently, many spoken open-domain chatbots have been used as speaking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Long Mai , Julie Carson-Berndsen

Non-autoregressive (NAR) neural machine translation is usually done via knowledge distillation from an autoregressive (AR) model. Under this framework, we leverage large monolingual corpora to improve the NAR model's performance, with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Jiawei Zhou , Phillip Keung

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are evaluated using Word Error Rate (WER), which is calculated by comparing the number of errors between the ground truth and the transcription of the ASR system. This calculation, however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Akshay Krishna Sheshadri , Anvesh Rao Vijjini , Sukhdeep Kharbanda

The common standard for quality evaluation of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is reference-based metrics such as the Word Error Rate (WER), computed using manual ground-truth transcriptions that are time-consuming and expensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Kamer Ali Yuksel , Thiago Ferreira , Ahmet Gunduz , Mohamed Al-Badrashiny , Golara Javadi

Non-autoregressive generation (NAG) has recently attracted great attention due to its fast inference speed. However, the generation quality of existing NAG models still lags behind their autoregressive counterparts. In this work, we show…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Yixuan Su , Deng Cai , Yan Wang , David Vandyke , Simon Baker , Piji Li , Nigel Collier

In this work, we introduce a simple yet efficient post-processing model for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Our model has Transformer-based encoder-decoder architecture which "translates" ASR model output into grammatically and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Oleksii Hrinchuk , Mariya Popova , Boris Ginsburg

Generative Retrieval introduces a new approach to Information Retrieval by reframing it as a constrained generation task, leveraging recent advancements in Autoregressive (AR) language models. However, AR-based Generative Retrieval methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Ravisri Valluri , Akash Kumar Mohankumar , Kushal Dave , Amit Singh , Jian Jiao , Manik Varma , Gaurav Sinha

In the realm of automatic speech recognition (ASR), robustness in noisy environments remains a significant challenge. Recent ASR models, such as Whisper, have shown promise, but their efficacy in noisy conditions can be further enhanced.…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yehoshua Dissen , Shiry Yonash , Israel Cohen , Joseph Keshet

Word error rate (WER) is a metric used to evaluate the quality of transcriptions produced by Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. In many applications, it is of interest to estimate WER given a pair of a speech utterance and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Chanho Park , Mingjie Chen , Thomas Hain

Recent advances in supervised, semi-supervised and self-supervised deep learning algorithms have shown significant improvement in the performance of automatic speech recognition(ASR) systems. The state-of-the-art systems have achieved a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Somnath Roy

Error correction techniques remain effective to refine outputs from automatic speech recognition (ASR) models. Existing end-to-end error correction methods based on an encoder-decoder architecture process all tokens in the decoding phase,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Jingyuan Yang , Rongjun Li , Wei Peng

Contextual biasing is an important and challenging task for end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, which aims to achieve better recognition performance by biasing the ASR system to particular context phrases such as person…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Xiaoqiang Wang , Yanqing Liu , Jinyu Li , Veljko Miljanic , Sheng Zhao , Hosam Khalil

Sequence-to-sequence models, such as attention-based models in automatic speech recognition (ASR), are typically trained to optimize the cross-entropy criterion which corresponds to improving the log-likelihood of the data. However, system…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Rohit Prabhavalkar , Tara N. Sainath , Yonghui Wu , Patrick Nguyen , Zhifeng Chen , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Anjuli Kannan

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR), unlike conventional ASR, does not have modules to learn the semantic representation from speech encoder. Moreover, the higher frame-rate of speech representation prevents the model to learn the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Md Akmal Haidar , Chao Xing , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh

Non-autoregressive (NAR) modeling has gained more and more attention in speech processing. With recent state-of-the-art attention-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) structure, NAR can realize promising real-time factor (RTF)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-21 Tianzi Wang , Yuya Fujita , Xuankai Chang , Shinji Watanabe

In recent years, automatic speech recognition (ASR) models greatly improved transcription performance both in clean, low noise, acoustic conditions and in reverberant environments. However, all these systems rely on the availability of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Francesco Nespoli , Daniel Barreda , Patrick A. Naylor

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) plays a crucial role in human-machine interaction and serves as an interface for a wide range of applications. Traditionally, ASR performance has been evaluated using Word Error Rate (WER), a metric that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-23 Sujith Pulikodan , Sahapthan K , Prasanta Kumar Ghosh , Visruth Sanka , Nihar Desai

Direct speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) has achieved impressive translation quality, but it often faces the challenge of slow decoding due to the considerable length of speech sequences. Recently, some research has turned to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Qingkai Fang , Zhengrui Ma , Yan Zhou , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

End-to-end (E2E) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models are trained using paired audio-text samples that are expensive to obtain, since high-quality ground-truth data requires human annotators. Voice search applications, such as digital…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Christophe Van Gysel , Maggie Wu , Lyan Verwimp , Caglar Tirkaz , Marco Bertola , Zhihong Lei , Youssef Oualil