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There has recently been a surge of work in explanatory artificial intelligence (XAI). This research area tackles the important problem that complex machines and algorithms often cannot provide insights into their behavior and thought…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Leilani H. Gilpin , David Bau , Ben Z. Yuan , Ayesha Bajwa , Michael Specter , Lalana Kagal

Concept-based Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) interprets deep learning models using human-understandable visual features (e.g., textures or object parts) by linking internal representations to class predictions, thereby bridging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Giacomo Astolfi , Matteo Bianchi , Riccardo Campi , Antonio De Santis , Marco Brambilla

Nearly one in five adolescents currently live with a diagnosed mental or behavioral health condition, such as anxiety, depression, or conduct disorder, underscoring the urgency of developing accurate and interpretable diagnostic tools.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Song Wang , Zhenyu Lei , Zhen Tan , Jundong Li , Javier Rasero , Aiying Zhang , Chirag Agarwal

Interpretable Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) aim to reveal the underlying reasoning behind model predictions, attributing their decisions to specific subgraphs that are informative. However, existing subgraph-based interpretable methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jie Yang , Yuwen Wang , Kaixuan Chen , Tongya Zheng , Yihe Zhou , Zhenbang Xiao , Ji Cao , Mingli Song , Shunyu Liu

Concept Activation Vectors (CAVs) provide a powerful approach for interpreting deep neural networks by quantifying their sensitivity to human-defined concepts. However, when computed independently at different layers, CAVs often exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Zhenghao He , Sanchit Sinha , Guangzhi Xiong , Aidong Zhang

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have become integral part in advancing next generation wireless communication systems by enabling sophisticated data modeling and feature extraction for enhanced network performance. In the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Osman Tugay Basaran , Falko Dressler

The impressive performance of deep learning models, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), is often hindered by their lack of interpretability, rendering them "black boxes." This opacity raises concerns in critical areas like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 John M. Willis

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approaches have been increasingly applied in drug discovery to learn molecular representations and identify substructures driving property predictions. However, building end-to-end explainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zanyu Shi , Yang Wang , Pathum Weerawarna , Jie Zhang , Timothy Richardson , Yijie Wang , Kun Huang

As an emerging field in Machine Learning, Explainable AI (XAI) has been offering remarkable performance in interpreting the decisions made by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). To achieve visual explanations for CNNs, methods based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Sam Sattarzadeh , Mahesh Sudhakar , Anthony Lem , Shervin Mehryar , K. N. Plataniotis , Jongseong Jang , Hyunwoo Kim , Yeonjeong Jeong , Sangmin Lee , Kyunghoon Bae

Graphs serve as fundamental descriptors for systems composed of interacting elements, capturing a wide array of data types, from molecular interactions to social networks and knowledge graphs. In this paper, we present an exhaustive review…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Chenqing Hua

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, but their inherent complexity makes them challenging to interpret. This is especially true for temporal graph regression tasks due to the complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ali Royat , Seyed Mohamad Moghadas , Lesley De Cruz , Adrian Munteanu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are gaining extensive attention for their application in graph data. However, the black-box nature of GNNs prevents users from understanding and trusting the models, thus hampering their applicability. Whereas…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Qizhang Feng , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Ruixiang Tang , Mengnan Du , Xia Hu

Data-driven surrogate modeling has surged in capability in recent years with the emergence of graph neural networks (GNNs), which can operate directly on mesh-based representations of data. The goal of this work is to introduce an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Shivam Barwey , Hojin Kim , Romit Maulik

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging field in AI that aims to address the opaque nature of machine learning models. Furthermore, it has been shown that XAI can be used to extract input-output relationships, making them a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-11-08 Geemi P. Wellawatte , Philippe Schwaller

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to provide human-interpretable insights into the behavior of deep neural networks (DNNs), typically by estimating a simplified causal structure of the model. In existing work, this causal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Robin Hesse , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Janina Hesse , Bernt Schiele , Stefan Roth

Utilizing potent representations of the large vision-language models (VLMs) to accomplish various downstream tasks has attracted increasing attention. Within this research field, soft prompt learning has become a representative approach for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yequan Bie , Luyang Luo , Zhixuan Chen , Hao Chen

This paper introduces a novel XAI approach based on near-misses analysis (NMA). This approach reveals a hierarchy of logical 'concepts' inferred from the latent decision-making process of a Neural Network (NN) without delving into its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Eran Kaufman , Avivit levy

This paper presents a novel concept learning framework for enhancing model interpretability and performance in visual classification tasks. Our approach appends an unsupervised explanation generator to the primary classifier network and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Tanmay Garg , Deepika Vemuri , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

Spatial correlations between different ground objects are an important feature of mining land cover research. Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) can effectively capture such spatial feature representations and have demonstrated promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Renxiang Guan , Zihao Li , Chujia Song , Guo Yu , Xianju Li , Ruyi Feng

Machine learning models that first learn a representation of a domain in terms of human-understandable concepts, then use it to make predictions, have been proposed to facilitate interpretation and interaction with models trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Isaac Lage , Finale Doshi-Velez