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Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) requires significant memory, often exceeding the capacity of a single GPU. A common solution to this memory challenge is offloading compute and data from the GPU to the CPU. However, this approach is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Siyuan Chen , Zhuofeng Wang , Zelong Guan , Yudong Liu , Phillip B. Gibbons

Federated learning becomes a prominent approach when different entities want to learn collaboratively a common model without sharing their training data. However, Federated learning has two main drawbacks. First, it is quite bandwidth…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Raouf Kerkouche , Gergely Ács , Claude Castelluccia , Pierre Genevès

This study addresses the issues of privacy protection and efficiency in instruction fine-tuning of large-scale language models by proposing a parameter-efficient method that integrates differential privacy noise allocation with gradient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yulin Huang , Yaxuan Luan , Jinxu Guo , Xiangchen Song , Yuchen Liu

Transformers, a cornerstone of deep-learning architectures for sequential data, have achieved state-of-the-art results in tasks like Natural Language Processing (NLP). Models such as BERT and GPT-3 exemplify their success and have driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Ali Abbasi Tadi , Dima Alhadidi , Luis Rueda

We propose a novel fine-tuning method to achieve multi-operator learning through training a distributed neural operator with diverse function data and then zero-shot fine-tuning the neural network using physics-informed losses for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zecheng Zhang , Christian Moya , Lu Lu , Guang Lin , Hayden Schaeffer

Foundation vision-language models have enabled remarkable zero-shot transferability of the pre-trained representations to a wide range of downstream tasks. However, to solve a new task, zero-shot transfer still necessitates human guidance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Artyom Gadetsky , Yulun Jiang , Maria Brbic

How does language model pretraining help transfer learning? We consider a simple ablation technique for determining the impact of each pretrained layer on transfer task performance. This method, partial reinitialization, involves replacing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Alex Tamkin , Trisha Singh , Davide Giovanardi , Noah Goodman

Recent advancements in diffusion models have revolutionized generative modeling. However, the impressive and vivid outputs they produce often come at the cost of significant model scaling and increased computational demands. Consequently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Jincheng Zhong , Xiangcheng Zhang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Despite the massive success of fine-tuning Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), they remain susceptible to out-of-distribution input. Dataset cartography is a simple yet effective dual-model approach that improves the robustness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Yupei Du , Albert Gatt , Dong Nguyen

Transformer-based large language models have remarkable potential to accelerate design optimization for applications such as drug development and materials discovery. Self-supervised pretraining of transformer models requires large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Pei Zhang , Logan Kearney , Debsindhu Bhowmik , Zachary Fox , Amit K. Naskar , John Gounley

On-device learning enables edge devices to continually adapt the AI models to new data, which requires a small memory footprint to fit the tight memory constraint of edge devices. Existing work solves this problem by reducing the number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Han Cai , Chuang Gan , Ligeng Zhu , Song Han

Self-supervised pre-training of a speech foundation model, followed by supervised fine-tuning, has shown impressive quality improvements on automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks. Fine-tuning separate foundation models for many downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Zhouyuan Huo , Khe Chai Sim , Bo Li , Dongseong Hwang , Tara N. Sainath , Trevor Strohman

Due to data privacy constraints, data sharing among multiple clinical centers is restricted, which impedes the development of high performance deep learning models from multicenter collaboration. Naive weight transfer methods share…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Yixing Huang , Christoph Bert , Ahmed Gomaa , Rainer Fietkau , Andreas Maier , Florian Putz

Vision foundation models exhibit impressive power, benefiting from the extremely large model capacity and broad training data. However, in practice, downstream scenarios may only support a small model due to the limited computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Shoukai Xu , Jiangchao Yao , Ran Luo , Shuhai Zhang , Zihao Lian , Mingkui Tan , Bo Han , Yaowei Wang

In one-shot federated learning (FL), clients collaboratively train a global model in a single round of communication. Existing approaches for one-shot FL enhance communication efficiency at the expense of diminished accuracy. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Mahdi Beitollahi , Alex Bie , Sobhan Hemati , Leo Maxime Brunswic , Xu Li , Xi Chen , Guojun Zhang

Fine-tuning plays a crucial role in adapting models to downstream tasks with minimal training efforts. However, the rapidly increasing size of foundation models poses a daunting challenge for accommodating foundation model fine-tuning in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Shiwei Ding , Lan Zhang , Zhenlin Wang , Giuseppe Ateniese , Xiaoyong Yuan

Adapter-tuning is a paradigm that transfers a pretrained language model to downstream tasks by adding and tuning a small number of new parameters. Previously proposed adapter architectures are all feed-forward neural networks. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Hongyu Zhao , Hao Tan , Hongyuan Mei

Transfer learning with large pretrained transformer-based language models like BERT has become a dominating approach for most NLP tasks. Simply fine-tuning those large language models on downstream tasks or combining it with task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Wenjuan Han , Bo Pang , Yingnian Wu

While machine learning is widely used to optimize wireless networks, training a separate model for each task in communication and localization is becoming increasingly unsustainable due to the significant costs associated with training and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Mohammad Cheraghinia , Eli De Poorter , Jaron Fontaine , Kwang Soon Kim , Merouane Debbah , Adnan Shahid

Fine-tuning large pre-trained models on downstream tasks has been adopted in a variety of domains recently. However, it is costly to update the entire parameter set of large pre-trained models. Although recently proposed parameter-efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Yi-Lin Sung , Jaemin Cho , Mohit Bansal