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Frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems could pose increasing risks to public safety and security. But what level of risk is acceptable? One increasingly popular approach is to define capability thresholds, which describe AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Leonie Koessler , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

Since 2023, generative AI has rapidly advanced in the music domain. Despite significant technological advancements, music-generative models raise critical ethical challenges, including a lack of transparency and accountability, along with…

Gradient descent is the method of choice for training large artificial intelligence systems. As these systems become larger, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind gradient training would allow us to alleviate compute costs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Ambroise Odonnat , Wassim Bouaziz , Vivien Cabannes

Over the past year, there has been a robust debate about the benefits and risks of open sourcing foundation models. However, this discussion has often taken place at a high level of generality or with a narrow focus on specific technical…

In collaborative systems with complex tasks relying on distributed resources, trust evaluation of potential collaborators has emerged as an effective mechanism for task completion. However, due to the network dynamics and varying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Botao Zhu , Xianbin Wang , Lei Zhang , Xuemin , Shen

PEER-REVIEWED AND ACCEPTED IN IEEE- ISTAS 2025 The rapid evolution of Generative AI (GenAI) has introduced unprecedented opportunities while presenting complex challenges around ethics, accountability, and societal impact. This paper draws…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Dhari Gandhi , Himanshu Joshi , Lucas Hartman , Shabnam Hassani

Generative AI has rapidly entered education through free consumer tools, outpacing the ability of schools and universities to respond. Now a new wave of more autonomous agentic AI systems--with the capacity to plan and act towards…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jason Fournier , Kacper Łodzikowski

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) has made outstanding strides in recent years, with a good-sized impact on software product management. Drawing on pertinent articles from 2016 to 2023, this systematic literature evaluation reveals…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Nishant A. Parikh

Generative AI systems may pose serious risks to individuals vulnerable to eating disorders. Existing safeguards tend to overlook subtle but clinically significant cues, leaving many risks unaddressed. To better understand the nature of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Amy Winecoff , Kevin Klyman

Problem statement: Standardisation of AI fairness rules and benchmarks is challenging because AI fairness and other ethical requirements depend on multiple factors such as context, use case, type of the AI system, and so on. In this paper,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Avinash Agarwal , Harsh Agarwal

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) rapidly transforms software engineering, yet existing research remains fragmented across individual tasks in the Software Development Lifecycle. This study integrates a systematic literature review…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Vincent Gurgul , Robin Gubela , Stefan Lessmann

In an era where the Internet of Things (IoT) intersects increasingly with generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), this article scrutinizes the emergent security risks inherent in this integration. We explore how generative AI drives…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Honghui Xu , Yingshu Li , Olusesi Balogun , Shaoen Wu , Yue Wang , Zhipeng Cai

The Generative AI Ethics Playbook provides guidance for identifying and mitigating risks of machine learning systems across various domains, including natural language processing, computer vision, and generative AI. This playbook aims to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jessie J. Smith , Wesley Hanwen Deng , William H. Smith , Maarten Sap , Nicole DeCario , Jesse Dodge

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has enabled the deployment of various systems based on it. However, many current AI systems are found vulnerable to imperceptible attacks, biased against underrepresented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Bo Li , Peng Qi , Bo Liu , Shuai Di , Jingen Liu , Jiquan Pei , Jinfeng Yi , Bowen Zhou

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming how firms create, process, and apply knowledge, yet little is known about the heterogeneity of its productivity effects across users. We report results from a randomized controlled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Lihi Idan , Bharat Anand

The integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) in academia has spurred a global discourse on their potential pedagogical benefits and ethical considerations. Positive reactions highlight some…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Junfeng Jiao , Saleh Afroogh , Kevin Chen , David Atkinson , Amit Dhurandhar

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly mitigates the hallucinations and domain knowledge deficiency in large language models by incorporating external knowledge bases. However, the multi-module architecture of RAG introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yanming Mu , Hao Hu , Feiyang Li , Qiao Yuan , Jiang Wu , Zichuan Liu , Pengcheng Liu , Mei Wang , Hongwei Zhou , Yuling Liu

The surge in black-box AI models has prompted the need to explain the internal mechanism and justify their reliability, especially in high-stakes applications, such as healthcare and autonomous driving. Due to the lack of a rigorous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Yongjie Wang , Tong Zhang , Xu Guo , Zhiqi Shen

Generative AI (GenAI) has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years and demonstrated impressive performance in various generation tasks in different domains such as computer vision and computational design. Many researchers have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yilin Ye , Jianing Hao , Yihan Hou , Zhan Wang , Shishi Xiao , Yuyu Luo , Wei Zeng

The malicious use or malfunction of advanced general-purpose AI (GPAI) poses risks that, according to leading experts, could lead to the 'marginalisation or extinction of humanity.' To address these risks, there are an increasing number of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Rebecca Scholefield , Samuel Martin , Otto Barten