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Combining several embeddings typically improves performance in downstream tasks as different embeddings encode different information. It has been shown that even models using embeddings from transformers still benefit from the inclusion of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Lukas Lange , Heike Adel , Jannik Strötgen , Dietrich Klakow

Automatically evaluating the quality of dialogue responses for unstructured domains is a challenging problem. ADEM(Lowe et al. 2017) formulated the automatic evaluation of dialogue systems as a learning problem and showed that such a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Ananya B. Sai , Mithun Das Gupta , Mitesh M. Khapra , Mukundhan Srinivasan

Reinforcement learning methods are increasingly used to optimise dialogue policies from experience. Most current techniques are model-free: they directly estimate the utility of various actions, without explicit model of the interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-09 Pierre Lison

Spoken Dialogue Models (SDMs) have advanced rapidly, yet their ability to sustain genuinely interactive multi-turn conversations remains underexplored, as most benchmarks focus on single-turn exchanges. We introduce Multi-Bench, the first…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Yayue Deng , Guoqiang Hu , Haiyang Sun , Xiangyu Zhang , Haoyang Zhang , Fei Tian , Xuerui Yang , Gang Yu , Eng Siong Chng

Currently, human-bot symbiosis dialog systems, e.g., pre- and after-sales in E-commerce, are ubiquitous, and the dialog routing component is essential to improve the overall efficiency, reduce human resource cost, and enhance user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Ziming Huang , Zhuoxuan Jiang , Ke Wang , Juntao Li , Shanshan Feng , Xian-Ling Mao

As a kind of new expression elements, Internet memes are popular and extensively used in online chatting scenarios since they manage to make dialogues vivid, moving, and interesting. However, most current dialogue researches focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Zhengcong Fei , Zekang Li , Jinchao Zhang , Yang Feng , Jie Zhou

Emotion Recognition in Conversations (ERC) is crucial in developing sympathetic human-machine interaction. In conversational videos, emotion can be present in multiple modalities, i.e., audio, video, and transcript. However, due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Vishal Chudasama , Purbayan Kar , Ashish Gudmalwar , Nirmesh Shah , Pankaj Wasnik , Naoyuki Onoe

Embedding models play a crucial role in representing and retrieving information across various NLP applications. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have further enhanced the performance of embedding models. While these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. Recent research has introduced Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) systems, which leverage multiple LLMs to simulate human debate and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Zijie Lin , Bryan Hooi

Improving the emotional awareness of pre-trained language models is an emerging important problem for dialogue generation tasks. Although prior studies have introduced methods to improve empathetic dialogue generation, few have discussed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Yiren Liu , Halil Kilicoglu

We construct a multilingual common semantic space based on distributional semantics, where words from multiple languages are projected into a shared space to enable knowledge and resource transfer across languages. Beyond word alignment, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Lifu Huang , Kyunghyun Cho , Boliang Zhang , Heng Ji , Kevin Knight

Memes are a powerful tool for communication over social media. Their affinity for evolving across politics, history, and sociocultural phenomena makes them an ideal communication vehicle. To comprehend the subtle message conveyed within a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Shivam Sharma , Ramaneswaran S , Udit Arora , Md. Shad Akhtar , Tanmoy Chakraborty

A recent trend in speech processing is the use of embeddings created through machine learning models trained on a specific task with large datasets. By leveraging the knowledge already acquired, these models can be reused in new tasks where…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Andrés Carofilis , Laura Fernández-Robles , Enrique Alegre , Eduardo Fidalgo

Advances in multimodal models have greatly improved how interactions relevant to various tasks are modeled. Today's multimodal models mainly focus on the correspondence between images and text, using this for tasks like image-text matching.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Haofei Yu , Zhengyang Qi , Lawrence Jang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency , Paul Pu Liang

Every day, hundreds of millions of new Tweets containing over 40 languages of ever-shifting vernacular flow through Twitter. Models that attempt to extract insight from this firehose of information must face the torrential covariate shift…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Dan Shiebler , Luca Belli , Jay Baxter , Hanchen Xiong , Abhishek Tayal

Spontaneous spoken dialogue is often disfluent, containing pauses, hesitations, self-corrections and false starts. Processing such phenomena is essential in understanding a speaker's intended meaning and controlling the flow of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Igor Shalyminov , Arash Eshghi , Oliver Lemon

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly serve as personal assistants and workplace collaborators, where their utility depends on memory systems that extract, retrieve, and apply information across long-running conversations. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jingbo Yang , Kwei-Herng Lai , Xiaowen Wang , Shiyu Chang , Yaar Harari , Evgeniy Gabrilovich

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in Emotional Intelligence (EI) and long-context modeling. However, existing benchmarks often overlook the fact that emotional information processing unfolds as a continuous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Weichu Liu , Jing Xiong , Yuxuan Hu , Zixuan Li , Minghuan Tan , Ningning Mao , Hui Shen , Wendong Xu , Chaofan Tao , Min Yang , Chengming Li , Lingpeng Kong , Ngai Wong

To extract essential information from complex data, computer scientists have been developing machine learning models that learn low-dimensional representation mode. From such advances in machine learning research, not only computer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Akira Matsui , Emilio Ferrara

Multi-party dialogues are more difficult for models to understand than one-to-one two-party dialogues, since they involve multiple interlocutors, resulting in interweaving reply-to relations and information flows. To step over these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Yiyang Li , Xinting Huang , Wei Bi , Hai Zhao