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Based on the direct perception paradigm of autonomous driving, we investigate and modify the CNNs (convolutional neural networks) AlexNet and GoogLeNet that map an input image to few perception indicators (heading angle, distances to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Der-Hau Lee , Kuan-Lin Chen , Kuan-Han Liou , Chang-Lun Liu , Jinn-Liang Liu

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used for traffic sign recognition because they can automatically extract high-level features from images. These DNNs are trained on large-scale datasets obtained from unknown sources. Therefore, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Thushari Hapuarachchi , Long Dang , Kaiqi Xiong

Advances in deep learning have revolutionized cyber-physical applications, including the development of Autonomous Vehicles. However, real-world collisions involving autonomous control of vehicles have raised significant safety concerns…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Ayoosh Bansal , Hunmin Kim , Simon Yu , Bo Li , Naira Hovakimyan , Marco Caccamo , Lui Sha

In safety-critical systems (e.g., autonomous vehicles and robots), Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are becoming a key component for computer vision tasks, particularly semantic segmentation. Further, since the DNN behavior cannot be assessed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Mohammed Oualid Attaoui , Fabrizio Pastore , Lionel Briand

There is a growing body of research on developing testing techniques for Deep Neural Networks (DNN). We distinguish two general modes of testing for DNNs: Offline testing where DNNs are tested as individual units based on test datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Fitash Ul Haq , Donghwan Shin , Shiva Nejati , Lionel Briand

Traditional decision and planning frameworks for self-driving vehicles (SDVs) scale poorly in new scenarios, thus they require tedious hand-tuning of rules and parameters to maintain acceptable performance in all foreseeable cases.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Peide Cai , Hengli Wang , Yuxiang Sun , Ming Liu

To assist human drivers and autonomous vehicles in assessing crash risks, driving scene analysis using dash cameras on vehicles and deep learning algorithms is of paramount importance. Although these technologies are increasingly available,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Muhammad Monjurul Karim , Yu Li , Ruwen Qin , Zhaozheng Yin

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have been standing out due to the wide range of applications in which they can be used autonomously. However, they need intelligent systems capable of providing a greater understanding of what they perceive to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Matheus G. Mateus , Ricardo B. Grando , Paulo L. J. Drews-Jr

This work presents an online learning-based control method for improved trajectory tracking of unmanned aerial vehicles using both deep learning and expert knowledge. The proposed method does not require the exact model of the system to be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Andriy Sarabakha , Erdal Kayacan

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) will emerge as a cornerstone in automotive software engineering. However, developing systems with DNNs introduces novel challenges for safety assessments. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in verification…

Fully autonomous driving has been widely studied and is becoming increasingly feasible. However, such autonomous driving has yet to be achieved on public roads, because of various uncertainties due to surrounding human drivers and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Shunsuke Aoki , Issei Yamamoto , Daiki Shiotsuka , Yuichi Inoue , Kento Tokuhiro , Keita Miwa

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) learn representation from data with an impressive capability, and brought important breakthroughs for processing images, time-series, natural language, audio, video, and many others. In the remote sensing field,…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become a crucial instrument in the software development toolkit, due to their ability to efficiently solve complex problems. Nevertheless, DNNs are highly opaque, and can behave in an unexpected manner when…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Adiel Ashrov , Guy Katz

The deep neural network (DNN) models for object detection using camera images are widely adopted in autonomous vehicles. However, DNN models are shown to be susceptible to adversarial image perturbations. In the existing methods of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Hyung-Jin Yoon , Hamidreza Jafarnejadsani , Petros Voulgaris

Deep neural networks (DNN) have been widely used and play a major role in the field of computer vision and autonomous navigation. However, these DNNs are computationally complex and their deployment over resource-constrained platforms is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Mee Seong Im , Venkat R. Dasari

Deep learning as represented by the artificial deep neural networks (DNNs) has achieved great success in many important areas that deal with text, images, videos, graphs, and so on. However, the black-box nature of DNNs has become one of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Fenglei Fan , Jinjun Xiong , Mengzhou Li , Ge Wang

Detecting obstacles is crucial for safe and efficient autonomous driving. To this end, we present NVRadarNet, a deep neural network (DNN) that detects dynamic obstacles and drivable free space using automotive RADAR sensors. The network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Alexander Popov , Patrik Gebhardt , Ke Chen , Ryan Oldja , Heeseok Lee , Shane Murray , Ruchi Bhargava , Nikolai Smolyanskiy

Recent advances in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have led to the development of DNN-driven autonomous cars that, using sensors like camera, LiDAR, etc., can drive without any human intervention. Most major manufacturers including Tesla, GM,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-03-21 Yuchi Tian , Kexin Pei , Suman Jana , Baishakhi Ray

Deep artificial neural networks (DNNs) trained through backpropagation provide effective models of the mammalian visual system, accurately capturing the hierarchy of neural responses through primary visual cortex to inferior temporal cortex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Markus Frey , Christian F. Doeller , Caswell Barry

Verifying properties and interpreting the behaviour of deep neural networks (DNN) is an important task given their ubiquitous use in applications, including safety-critical ones, and their black-box nature. We propose an automata-theoric…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Marco Sälzer , Eric Alsmann , Florian Bruse , Martin Lange