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3D object detection is an essential part of automated driving, and deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance for this task. However, deep models are notorious for assigning high confidence scores to…
This article discusses the concept of an Operational Design Domain (ODD) designed specifically for teleoperated road vehicles. For this purpose, the ODD concept designed for automated driving is adapted for teleoperation. As teleoperation…
Accurate and high-fidelity driving scene reconstruction demands the effective utilization of comprehensive scene information as conditional inputs. Existing methods predominantly rely on 3D bounding boxes and BEV road maps for foreground…
Mobile robots, such as ground vehicles and quadrotors, are becoming increasingly important in various fields, from logistics to agriculture, where they automate processes in environments that are difficult to access for humans. However, to…
The deployment of automated functions that can operate without direct human supervision has changed safety evaluation in domains seeking higher levels of automation. Unlike conventional systems that rely on human operators, these functions…
Naturalistic driving data (NDD) can help understand drivers' reactions to each driving scenario and provide personalized context to driving behavior. However, NDD requires a high amount of manual labor to label certain driver's state and…
Scenario-based testing for automated driving systems (ADS) must be able to simulate traffic scenarios that rely on interactions with other vehicles. Although many languages for high-level scenario modelling have been proposed, they lack the…
The agricultural sector increasingly relies on autonomous systems that operate in complex and variable environments. Unlike on-road applications, agricultural automation integrates driving and working processes, each of which imposes…
Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for ensuring the robustness of machine learning models by identifying samples that deviate from the training distribution. While traditional OOD detection has primarily focused on…
This paper proposes an extensive overview of safety applications and approaches as it relates to automated driving from the prospectives of sensor configurations, vehicle dynamics modelling, tyre modeling, and estimation approaches. First,…
Agent technology is a software paradigm that permits to implement large and complex distributed applications. In order to assist the development of multi-agent systems, agent-oriented methodologies (AOM) have been created in the last years…
The operational capabilities and application domains of AI-enabled autonomous systems have expanded significantly in recent years due to advances in robotics and machine learning (ML). Demonstrating the safety of autonomous systems…
When deploying a trained machine learning model in the real world, it is inevitable to receive inputs from out-of-distribution (OOD) sources. For instance, in continual learning settings, it is common to encounter OOD samples due to the…
Ensuring the safety and reliability of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) remains a critical challenge, as traditional verification methods such as large-scale on-road testing are prohibitively costly and time-consuming.To address…
Autonomous driving has attracted lots of attention in recent years. An accurate vehicle dynamics is important for autonomous driving techniques, e.g. trajectory prediction, motion planning, and control of trajectory tracking. Although…
Vehicles equipped with automated driving capabilities have shown potential to improve safety and operations. Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automated driving systems (ADS) have been widely developed to support vehicular…
Applying machine learning to increasingly high-dimensional problems with sparse or biased training data increases the risk that a model is used on inputs outside its training domain. For such out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs, the model can…
Safety-critical traffic scenarios are integral to the development and validation of autonomous driving systems. These scenarios provide crucial insights into vehicle responses under high-risk conditions rarely encountered in real-world…
Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to detect test samples outside the training category space, which is an essential component in building reliable machine learning systems. Existing reviews on OOD detection primarily focus on method…
Environment perception is a fundamental part of the dynamic driving task executed by Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS). Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based approaches have prevailed over classical techniques for realizing the environment…