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This year marks the 20th anniversary of the effective beginning of large, systematic redshift surveys of galaxies. These surveys have had a major impact on observational cosmology and on our current understanding of large-scale structures…
Distance-redshift diagrams probe expansion history of the Universe. We show that the stellar mass-binding energy (massE) relation of galaxies proposed in our previous study offers a new distance ruler at cosmic scales. By using elliptical…
The cosmic proper distance $d_P$ is a fundamental distance in the Universe. Unlike the luminosity and angular diameter distances, which correspond to the angular size, the proper distance is the length of light path from the source to…
The unknown nature of dark energy motivates continued cosmological tests of large-scale gravitational physics. We present a new consistency check based on the relative amplitude of non-relativistic galaxy peculiar motions, measured via…
Within just the last few years, we have advanced from knowing only a few galaxies at z>2 to having redshifts for nearly 1000 z~2-5 objects. The majority of this sample has been detected through the photometric ``drop-out'' technique used so…
Despite the success of general relativity (GR), the unexplained nature of dark energy on cosmological scales leaves open the question of whether GR provides a complete description of gravity. This quest is further motivated by growing…
In this methodological note we discuss several topics related to interpretation of some basic cosmological principles. We demonstrate that one of the key points is the usage of synchronous reference frames. The Friedmann-Robertson-Walker…
We present precise HI 21 cm absorption line redshifts observed in multiple epochs to directly constrain the secular redshift drift dz/dt_o or the cosmic acceleration, dv/dt_o. A comparison of literature analog spectra to contemporary…
One of the most significant discoveries in modern cosmology is that the universe is currently in a phase of accelerated expansion after a switch from a decelerated expansion. The redshift corresponding to this epoch is referred to as the…
The redshift of light is calculated for an anisotropic cosmological spacetime. Two different approaches are considered. In the first one, electromagnetic waves are modeled using the geometrical optics (high--frequency) approximation. This…
We present an analysis of the evolution of galaxy clustering in the redshift interval 0<z<4.5 in the HDF-S. The HST optical data are combined with infrared ISAAC/VLT observations, and photometric redshifts are used for all the galaxies…
By 1917, V.M. Slipher had singlehandedly established a tendency for 'spiral nebulae' to be redshifted (21 out of 25 cases). From a modern perspective, it could seem surprising that the expansion of the universe was not announced at this…
We study some observational consequences of a recently proposed scale--dependent cosmological model for an inhomogeneous Universe. In this model the Universe is pictured as being inside a highly dense and rapidly expanding shell with the…
The frequency shift of spectral lines from astronomical objects is most often explained by the Doppler Effect arising in relative motion and the broadening of a particular line is supposed to depend on the absolute temperature, pressure or…
Redshift distortion measurements from galaxy surveys include sensitivity to the gravitational growth index distinguishing other theories from Einstein gravity. This gravitational sensitivity is substantially free from uncertainty in the…
It has always been considered a serious error to treat the cosmological redshift as a Doppler velocity effect rather than the result of space expansion. It is demonstrated here that in practical terms this is not the case, and that the…
Determining the redshift distribution $n(z)$ of galaxy samples is essential for several cosmological probes including weak lensing. For imaging surveys, this is usually done using photometric redshifts estimated on an object-by-object…
We present a detailed discussion of the redshift errors associated to the ESO Slice Project measurements. For a subsample of 742 galaxies with redshifts determined both from the absorption lines (V_{abs}) and from the emission lines…
Cosmography is a phenomenological and relatively model-independent approach to cosmology, where physical quantities are expanded as a Taylor series in the cosmological redshift, or in related variables. Here we apply this methodology to…
Cosmological distances as a function of redshift depend on the effective curvature density via the effect on the geometrical path of photons from large scale spatial curvature and its effect on the expansion history, H(z). Cosmological…