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The upcoming Simons Observatory (SO) Small Aperture Telescopes aim at observing the degree-scale anisotropies of the polarized CMB to constrain the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ at the level of $\sigma(r=0)\lesssim0.003$ to probe…

The Simons Observatory (SO), due to start full science operations in early 2025, aims to set tight constraints on inflationary physics by inferring the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ from measurements of CMB polarization $B$-modes. Its nominal…

Upcoming observations from the Simons Observatory have been projected to constrain the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, at the level of $\sigma(r)=$0.003. Here we describe one of the forecasting algorithms for the Simons Observatory in more…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-23 Ben Thorne , Jo Dunkley , David Alonso , Maximilian H. Abitbol , Josquin Errard , J. Colin Hill , Brian Keating , Grant Teply , Edward J. Wollack

The Simons Observatory (SO), a next-generation ground-based CMB experiment in its final stages of construction, will target primordial $B$-modes with unprecedented sensitivity to set tight bounds on the amplitude of inflationary…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-24 Emilie Hertig , Kevin Wolz , Toshiya Namikawa , Antón Baleato Lizancos , Susanna Azzoni , Anthony Challinor

Contamination by polarized foregrounds is one of the biggest challenges for future polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) surveys and the potential detection of primordial $B$-modes. Future experiments, such as Simons Observatory (SO)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-12 Carlos Hervías-Caimapo , Anna Bonaldi , Michael L. Brown , Kevin M. Huffenberger

Recognizing the impact of contamination from weak gravitational lensing B-modes induced by Large Scale Structure, we examine delensing methods to enhance sensitivity to the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ in primordial B-mode detection…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-27 Wen-Zheng Chen , Yang Liu , Siyu Li , Bin Hu , Hong Li

Abreg: We investigate the impact of polarized foreground emission on the performances of future CMB experiments in measuring the tensor-to-scalar ratio r. We design a component separation pipeline, based on the Smica method, aimed at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Marc Betoule , E. Pierpaoli , J. Delabrouille , M. Le Jeune , Jean-François Cardoso

We compare multiple foreground-cleaning pipelines for estimating the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, using simulated maps of the planned CMB-S4 experiment within the context of the South Pole Deep Patch. To evaluate robustness, we analyze bias…

The Simons Observatory (SO) Small Aperture Telescopes (SATs) will observe the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization at six frequency bands. Within these bands, the angular response of the telescope (beam) is…

The detection of primordial B-modes, a key probe of cosmic inflation, is increasingly challenged by contamination from weak gravitational lensing B-modes induced by large-scale structure (LSS). We present a delensing pipeline designed to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-27 Wen-Zheng Chen , Yang Liu , Yi-Ming Wang , Hong Li

We study the effects of astrophysical foregrounds on the ability of CMB B-mode polarization experiments to constrain the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio, r. To clean the foreground contributions we use parametric, maximum likelihood…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-20 Josquin Errard , Radek Stompor

Detecting the imprint of inflationary gravitational waves on the $B$-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is one of the main science cases for current and next-generation CMB experiments. In this work we explore some…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 David Alonso , Joanna Dunkley , Sigurd Naess , Ben Thorne

Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) B-mode polarisation provide a unique probe of inflationary physics. Extracting a reliable constraint on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ nonetheless demands stringent suppression of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-14 Aliza Mustafa , Alessandro Carones , Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff , Marina Migliaccio , Carlo Baccigalupi

The characterization and modeling of polarized foregrounds has become a critical issue in the quest for primordial $B$-modes. A typical method to proceed is to factorize and parametrize the spectral properties of foregrounds and their scale…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-26 S. Azzoni , M. H. Abitbol , D. Alonso , A. Gough , N. Katayama , T. Matsumura

We present updated forecasts for the scientific performance of the degree-scale (0.5 deg FWHM at 93 GHz), deep-field survey to be conducted by the Simons Observatory (SO). By 2027, the SO Small Aperture Telescope (SAT) complement will be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-19 The Simons Observatory Collaboration , I. Abril-Cabezas , S. Adachi , P. Ade , A. E. Adler , P. Agrawal , J. Aguirre , S. Aiola , T. Alford , A. Ali , D. Alonso , M. A. Alvarez , R. An , M. Aravena , K. Arnold , P. Ashton , F. Astori , Z. Atkins , J. Austermann , S. Azzoni , C. Baccigalupi , D. Baker , R. Balafendiev , A. Baleato Lizancos , D. Barron , P. Barry , J. Bartlett , A. Basyrov , N. Battaglia , E. S. Battistelli , R. Battye , A. Bayer , A. Bazarko , J. A. Beall , R. Bean , D. Beck , S. Beckman , J. Begin , A. Beheshti , B. Beringue , T. Bhandarkar , S. Bhimani , F. Bianchini , E. Biermann , M. Billi , S. Biquard , B. Bixler , L. Bizzarri , S. Boada , D. Boettger , B. Bolliet , J. R. Bond , J. Borrill , J. Borrow , C. Braithwaite , T. L. R. Brien , M. L. Brown , S. M. Bruno , S. Bryan , R. Bustos , H. Cai , E. Calabrese , V. Calafut , F. M. Carl , A. Carones , J. Carron , A. Challinor , E. Chamberlain , P. Chanial , N. Chen , K. Cheung , B. Chiang , Y. Chinone , J. Chluba , H. S. Cho , S. K. Choi , M. Chu , J. Clancy , S. E. Clark , P. Clarke , J. Cleary , D. L. Clements , J. Connors , C. Contaldi , G. Coppi , L. Corbett , N. F. Cothard , W. Coulton , D. Crichton , K. D. Crowley , K. T. Crowley , A. Cukierman , J. M. D'Ewart , K. Dachlythra , O. Darwish , R. Datta , S. Day-Weiss , T. de Haan , S. Desai , M. Devlin , L. Di Mascolo , S. Dicker , K. Ding , C. Doux , P. Dow , S. Doyle , C. J. Duell , S. M. Duff , A. J. Duivenvoorden , J. Dunkley , M. Duparc , D. Dutcher , R. Dünner , M. Edenton , H. El Bouhargani , C. Embil Villagra , J. Errard , G. Fabbian , V. Fanfani , F. Farhadi Khouzani , G. S. Farren , J. Fergusson , S. Ferraro , R. Flauger , M. Forconi , A. Foster , K. Freese , J. C. Frisch , A. Frolov , G. Fuller , N. Galitzki , P. A. Gallardo , G. Galloni , J. T. Galvez Ghersi , K. Ganga , X. Garrido , E. Gawiser , M. Gerbino , R. Gerras , S. Giardiello , A. Gill , V. Gilles , U. Giri , E. Gleave , V. Gluscevic , N. Goeckner-Wald , S. Goldstein , J. E. Golec , S. Gordon , M. Gralla , S. Gratton , D. Green , J. C. Groh , C. Groppi , S. Grubb , Y. Guan , N. Gupta , J. E. Guðmundsson , B. Hadzhiyska , S. Hagstotz , P. Hargrave , S. Haridas , K. Harrington , I. Harrison , M. Hasegawa , M. Hasselfield , V. Haynes , M. Hazumi , A. He , E. Healy , S. W. Henderson , B. S. Hensley , E. Hertig , C. Hervías-Caimapo , M. Higuchi , C. A. Hill , J. C. Hill , M. Hilton , A. D. Hincks , G. Hinshaw , R. Hložek , A. Y. Q. Ho , S. Ho , S. P. Ho , T. D. Hoang , J. Hoh , J. Holder , J. Hood , E. Hornecker , A. L. Hornsby , S. C. Hotinli , Z. Huang , Z. B. Huber , J. Hubmayr , K. Huffenberger , A. Hughes , J. P. Hughes , A. Idicherian Lonappan , M. Ikape , K. Inaba , K. Irwin , J. Iuliano , A. H. Jaffe , B. Jain , D. Jain , H. T. Jense , O. Jeong , A. Johnson , B. R. Johnson , M. Johnson , M. E. Jones , N. Joshi , B. Jost , W. Kabalan , V. Kabra , D. Kaneko , J. Kania , E. D. Karpel , Y. Kasai , N. Katayama , B. Keating , B. Keller , R. Keskitalo , A. A. Khatua , J. Kim , T. Kisner , K. Kiuchi , K. Knowles , A. M. Kofman , Y. Koizumi , B. J. Koopman , A. Kosowsky , R. Kou , N. Krachmalnicoff , D. Kramer , A. Krishak , A. Krolewski , A. Kusaka , A. Kusiak , Y. Kvasiuk , P. La Plante , A. La Posta , A. Laguë , A. Lai , J. Lashner , M. Lattanzi , A. Lee , E. Lee , J. Leech , L. Legrand , C. Lessler , J. S. Leung , A. Lewis , Y. Li , Z. Li , M. Limon , L. Lin , E. Linder , M. Link , J. Liu , Y. Liu , J. Lloyd , J. Lonergan , T. Louis , T. Lucas , M. Ludlam , M. Lungu , M. Lyons , N. MacCrann , A. MacInnis , M. Madhavacheril , D. Mak , F. Maldonado , M. Mallaby-Kay , A. Manduca , A. Mangu , H. Mani , A. S. Maniyar , G. A. Marques , P. Masson , J. Mates , J. Mathewson , T. Matsumura , P. Mauskopf , A. May , N. McCallum , H. McCarrick , F. McCarthy , M. McCulloch , J. McMahon , P. D. Meerburg , Y. Mehta , J. Melin , E. Meulbroek , J. Meyers , A. Middleton , Y. Miki , A. Miller , M. Mirmelstein , Y. Mizozoe , B. Mohammadian , G. Montefalcone , K. Moodley , J. Moore , T. Morris , M. Morshed , T. Morton , E. Moser , T. Mroczkowski , M. Murata , J. Myers , M. Münchmeyer , S. Naess , H. Nakata , T. Namikawa , M. Nashimoto , F. Nati , P. Natoli , M. Negrello , S. K. Nerval , L. Newburgh , D. V. Nguyen , A. Nicola , M. D. Niemack , H. Nishino , Y. Nishinomiya , A. Novelli , S. O'Neill , N. Okumoto , A. Orlando , J. Orlowski-Scherer , L. Pagano , L. A. Page , S. Pandey , A. Papageorgiou , I. Paraskevakos , B. Partridge , D. Patel , R. Patki , S. Paulino Korte , M. Peel , K. Perez Sarmiento , F. Perrotta , P. Phakathi , L. Piccirillo , E. Pierpaoli , T. Pinsonneault-Marotte , G. Pisano , J. Pitocco , D. Poletti , C. Popik , B. Prasad , R. Puddu , G. Puglisi , F. J. Qu , F. Rahman , M. J. Randall , C. Ranucci , C. Raum , R. Reeves , C. L. Reichardt , M. Remazeilles , X. Ren , Y. Rephaeli , D. Riechers , B. Reid Guachalla , A. Rizzieri , J. Robe , M. F. Robertson , N. Robertson , K. Rogers , F. Rojas , A. Romero , E. Rosenberg , A. Rotti , S. Rowe , A. Roy , S. Sadeh , N. Sailer , K. Sakaguri , T. Sakuma , Y. Sakurai , M. Salatino , G. H. Sanders , D. Sasaki , M. Sathyanarayana Rao , T. P. Satterthwaite , L. Saunders , L. Scalcinati , E. Schaan , B. Schmitt , M. Schmittfull , N. Sehgal , J. Seibert , Y. Seino , U. Seljak , S. Shaikh , E. Shaw , P. Shellard , B. Sherwin , M. Shimon , J. E. Shroyer , C. Sierra , J. Sievers , C. Sifón , P. Sikhosana , M. Silva-Feaver , S. M. Simon , A. Sinclair , K. Smith , W. Sohn , X. Song , R. F. Sonka , T. Souverin , J. Spisak , S. T. Staggs , G. Stein , J. R. Stevens , R. Stompor , E. Storer , R. Sudiwala , Y. Sueno , J. Sugiyama , P. Suman , K. M. Surrao , S. Sutariya , A. Suzuki , J. Suzuki , O. Tajima , R. Takaku , S. Takakura , A. Takeuchi , I. Tansieri , A. C. Taylor , G. Teply , T. Terasaki , A. Thomas , D. B. Thomas , R. Thornton , P. Timbie , H. Trac , T. Tsan , E. Tsang King Sang , C. Tucker , J. Ullom , L. Vacher , L. Vale , A. van Engelen , J. Van Lanen , J. van Marrewijk , D. D. Van Winkle , C. Vargas , E. M. Vavagiakis , I. Veenendaal , C. Vergès , A. Villarrubia Aguilar , M. Vissers , M. Viña , K. Wagoner , S. Walker , L. Walters , Y. Wang , B. Westbrook , J. Williams , P. Williams , J. Wilson , H. Winch , E. J. Wollack , K. Wolz , J. Wong , Z. Xu , K. Yamada , E. Young , B. Yu , C. Yu , G. Zagatti , M. Zannoni , W. Zhang , K. Zheng , N. Zhu , A. Zonca , I. Zubeldia

We use time-domain simulations of Jupiter observations to test and develop a beam reconstruction pipeline for the Simons Observatory Small Aperture Telescopes. The method relies on a map maker that estimates and subtracts correlated…

We investigate how dust foreground complexity can affect measurements of the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, in the context of the Simons Observatory, using a cross-spectrum component separation analysis. Employing a suite of simulations with…

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