Related papers: Estimation of Combinatoric Background in SeaQuest …
We show how to obtain a Bayesian estimate of the rates or numbers of signal and background events from a set of events when the shapes of the signal and background distributions are known, can be estimated, or approximated; our method works…
Recent research has examined algorithms to minimize robots' resource footprints. The class of combinatorial filters (discrete variants of widely-used probabilistic estimators) has been studied and methods for reducing their space…
Cumulant mapping has been recently suggested [Frasinski, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 24, 207767 (2022)] as an efficient approach to observing multi-particle fragmentation pathways, while bypassing the restrictions of the usual…
This paper explores the use of a Bayesian non-parametric topic modeling technique for the purpose of anomaly detection in video data. We present results from two experiments. The first experiment shows that the proposed technique is…
Foreground removal presents a significant obstacle in both current and forthcoming intensity mapping surveys. While numerous techniques have been developed that show promise in simulated datasets, their efficacy often diminishes when…
Cumulant mapping employs a statistical reconstruction of the whole by sampling its parts. The theory developed in this work formalises and extends ad hoc methods of `multi-fold' or `multi-dimensional' covariance mapping. Explicit formulae…
This article discusses the determination of asymmetries. We consider a sample of events consisting of a peak of signal events on top of some background events. Both signal and background have an unknown asymmetry, e.g. a spin or…
Event-based moving object detection is a challenging task, where static background and moving object are mixed together. Typically, existing methods mainly align the background events to the same spatial coordinate system via motion…
Astronomical images in the Poisson regime are typically characterized by a spatially varying cosmic background, large variety of source morphologies and intensities, data incompleteness, steep gradients in the data, and few photon counts…
This paper addresses the problem of joint detection and recounting of abnormal events in videos. Recounting of abnormal events, i.e., explaining why they are judged to be abnormal, is an unexplored but critical task in video surveillance,…
Jet measurements in heavy ion collisions at low jet momentum can provide constraints on the properties of the quark gluon plasma but are overwhelmed by a significant, fluctuating background. We build upon our previous work which…
Understanding the processes that influence groundwater levels is crucial for forecasting and responding to hazards such as groundwater droughts. Mixed models, which combine a fixed mean, expressed using independent predictors, with…
The method in arXiv:2508.18409 constructs a ``data-driven correction'' from combinatorial (pseudo-$\phi$) pairs and applies it to the signal. An explicit decomposition shows that the construction calibrates the background response rather…
This paper presents a general method for combining uncertain and paradoxical source of evidences for a wide class of fusion problems. From the foundations of the Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) we show how the DSm rule of combination can…
We present the first tests of a new method, the Correlated Component Analysis (CCA) based on second-order statistics, to estimate the mixing matrix, a key ingredient to separate astrophysical foregrounds superimposed to the Cosmic Microwave…
Resonant anomaly detection methods have great potential for enhancing the sensitivity of traditional bump hunt searches. A key component of these methods is a high quality background template used to produce an anomaly score. Using the LHC…
We have witnessed and experienced increasing compound extreme events resulting from simultaneous or sequential occurrence of multiple events in a changing climate. In addition to a growing demand for a clearer explanation of compound risks…
In order to assess the ability of jet observables to constrain the characteristics of the medium produced in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC, we investigate the influence of background subtraction and jet quenching on jet reconstruction,…
Hard scattered partons are predicted to be well calibrated probes of the hot and dense medium produced in heavy ion collisions. Interactions of these partons with the medium w ill result in modifications of internal jet structure in Au+Au…
This article takes the form of a tutorial on the use of a particular class of mixed finite element methods, which can be thought of as the finite element extension of the C-grid staggered finite difference method. The class is often…