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100% inverter-based renewable units are becoming more prevalent, introducing new challenges in the protection of microgrids that incorporate these resources. This is particularly due to low fault currents and bidirectional flows. Previous…
When a slightly faulty transformer closes without load, the current waveform presents the coexistence of inrush and fault current. At this time, the inrush blocking module will block the relay, which may delay the removal of the slight…
This paper investigates how grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) control strategies in inverter-based resources (IBRs) influence line distance and differential protection in converter-dominated transmission systems. A modified IEEE…
Modeling protective relays is crucial for performing accurate stability studies as they play a critical role in defining the dynamic responses of power systems during disturbances. Nevertheless, due to the current limitations of stability…
The growing penetration of renewable and distributed generation is transforming power systems and challenging conventional protection schemes that rely on fixed settings and local measurements. Machine learning (ML) offers a data-driven…
Protective relays can mal-operate for transmission lines connected to doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based large capacity wind farms (WFs). The performance of distance relays protecting such lines is investigated and a statistical…
This article presents differential protection of the distribution line connecting a wind farm in a microgrid. Machine Learning (ML) based models are built using differential features extracted from currents at both ends of the line to…
Power system protection schemes today rely on currents rising by several orders of magnitude when faults occur. In inverter-dominated power systems, a fault current might be just a few percent larger than normal, making fault detection more…
This paper envisions a new control architecture for the protective relay setting in future power distribution systems. With deepening penetration of distributed energy resources at the end users level, it has been recognized as a key…
The large-scale integration of intermittent renewable energy resources introduces increased uncertainty and volatility to the supply side of power systems, thereby complicating system operation and control. Recently, data-driven approaches,…
Wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable sources in the world that converts wind power into the electricity through wind farms. Stochastic nature of the wind power makes interconnection of wind farms to the grid unreliable. Thus,…
It is very important to ensure continuity in the process from generation of electricity to transmission to cities. The most important part of the system is energy transmission lines and distance protection relays that protect these lines.…
Due to the increasing share of renewables, the analysis of the dynamical behavior of power grids gains importance. Effective risk assessments necessitate the analysis of large number of fault scenarios. The computational costs inherent in…
The integration of renewable and distributed energy resources reshapes modern power systems, challenging conventional protection schemes. This scoping review synthesizes recent literature on machine learning (ML) applications in power…
With large-scale integration of renewable generation and distributed energy resources, modern power systems are confronted with new operational challenges, such as growing complexity, increasing uncertainty, and aggravating volatility.…
Overhead lines are generally used for electrical energy transmission. Also, XLPE underground cable lines are generally used in the city center and the crowded areas to provide electrical safety, so high voltage underground cable lines are…
Accurate diagnosis of power transformer faults is essential for ensuring the stability and safety of electrical power systems. This study presents a comparative analysis of conventional machine learning (ML) algorithms and deep learning…
In order to transmit electrical energy in a continuous and quality manner, it is necessary to control it from the point of production to the point of consumption. Therefore, protection of transmission and distribution lines is essential at…
This paper analyses and explains from the systems point of view, microprocessor based protective relay (MBPR) systems with emphasis on differential equation algorithms. Presently, the application of protective relaying in power systems,…
Transfer learning (TL), the next frontier in machine learning (ML), has gained much popularity in recent years, due to the various challenges faced in ML, like the requirement of vast amounts of training data, expensive and time-consuming…