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Reinforcement Learning (RL) has gained substantial attention across diverse application domains and theoretical investigations. Existing literature on RL theory largely focuses on risk-neutral settings where the decision-maker learns to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zhengqi Wu , Renyuan Xu

In sequential recommendation, models recommend items based on user's interaction history. To this end, current models usually incorporate information such as item descriptions and user intent or preferences. User preferences are usually not…

Recommender systems predict what items a user will interact with next, based on their past interactions. The problem is often approached through supervised learning, but recent advancements have shifted towards policy optimization of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Dawen Liang , Nikos Vlassis

Multi-objective learning under user-specified preference is common in real-world problems such as multi-lingual speech recognition under fairness. In this work, we frame such a problem as a semivectorial bilevel optimization problem, whose…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-07 Lisha Chen , Quan Xiao , Ellen Hidemi Fukuda , Xinyi Chen , Kun Yuan , Tianyi Chen

A reciprocal recommendation problem is one where the goal of learning is not just to predict a user's preference towards a passive item (e.g., a book), but to recommend the targeted user on one side another user from the other side such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Fabio Vitale , Nikos Parotsidis , Claudio Gentile

In recent years, significant progress has been made in multi-objective reinforcement learning (RL) research, which aims to balance multiple objectives by incorporating preferences for each objective. In most existing studies, specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Qian Lin , Zongkai Liu , Danying Mo , Chao Yu

We study human-in-the-loop reinforcement learning (RL) with trajectory preferences, where instead of receiving a numeric reward at each step, the agent only receives preferences over trajectory pairs from a human overseer. The goal of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Xiaoyu Chen , Han Zhong , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang , Liwei Wang

Algorithmic Recourse aims to provide actionable explanations, or recourse plans, to overturn potentially unfavourable decisions taken by automated machine learning models. In this paper, we propose an interaction paradigm based on a guided…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Seyedehdelaram Esfahani , Giovanni De Toni , Bruno Lepri , Andrea Passerini , Katya Tentori , Massimo Zancanaro

As large language models increasingly drive real-world applications, aligning them with human values becomes paramount. Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a key technique, translating preference data into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Yunzhen Feng , Ariel Kwiatkowski , Kunhao Zheng , Julia Kempe , Yaqi Duan

Many decision-making problems feature multiple objectives. In such problems, it is not always possible to know the preferences of a decision-maker for different objectives. However, it is often possible to observe the behavior of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Junlin Lu , Patrick Mannion , Karl Mason

The complexity of designing reward functions has been a major obstacle to the wide application of deep reinforcement learning (RL) techniques. Describing an agent's desired behaviors and properties can be difficult, even for experts. A new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Wanqi Xue , Bo An , Shuicheng Yan , Zhongwen Xu

Fairness plays a crucial role in various multi-agent systems (e.g., communication networks, financial markets, etc.). Many multi-agent dynamical interactions can be cast as Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). While existing research has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Peizhong Ju , Arnob Ghosh , Ness B. Shroff

We define a novel neuro-symbolic framework, argumentative reward learning, which combines preference-based argumentation with existing approaches to reinforcement learning from human feedback. Our method improves prior work by generalising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Francis Rhys Ward , Francesco Belardinelli , Francesca Toni

Implicit feedback is widely explored by modern recommender systems. Since the feedback is often sparse and imbalanced, it poses great challenges to the learning of complex interactions among users and items. Metric learning has been…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Yanchao Tan , Carl Yang , Xiangyu Wei , Yun Ma , Xiaolin Zheng

Recommender systems have emerged as a new weapon to help online firms to realize many of their strategic goals (e.g., to improve sales, revenue, customer experience etc.). However, many existing techniques commonly approach these goals by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-12-11 Shuang-Hong Yang

We consider the expressivity of Markov rewards in sequential decision making under uncertainty. We view reward functions in Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) as a means to characterize desired behaviors of agents. Assuming desired behaviors…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Shuwa Miura

AI agents are commonly aligned with "human values" through reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), where a single reward model is learned from aggregated human feedback and used to align an agent's behavior. However, human values…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Carter Blair , Kate Larson , Edith Law

The utility of reinforcement learning is limited by the alignment of reward functions with the interests of human stakeholders. One promising method for alignment is to learn the reward function from human-generated preferences between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-08 W. Bradley Knox , Stephane Hatgis-Kessell , Serena Booth , Scott Niekum , Peter Stone , Alessandro Allievi

Artificial Intelligence is being employed by humans to collaboratively solve complicated tasks for search and rescue, manufacturing, etc. Efficient teamwork can be achieved by understanding user preferences and recommending different…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Lakshita Dodeja , Pradyumna Tambwekar , Erin Hedlund-Botti , Matthew Gombolay

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences has been recognized as the key to improving LLMs' interaction quality. However, in this pluralistic world, human preferences can be diversified due to annotators' different…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Dun Zeng , Yong Dai , Pengyu Cheng , Longyue Wang , Tianhao Hu , Wanshun Chen , Nan Du , Zenglin Xu