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Open-set classification is a problem of handling `unknown' classes that are not contained in the training dataset, whereas traditional classifiers assume that only known classes appear in the test environment. Existing open-set classifiers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Ryota Yoshihashi , Wen Shao , Rei Kawakami , Shaodi You , Makoto Iida , Takeshi Naemura

Wireless signal recognition (WSR) is crucial in modern and future wireless communication networks since it aims to identify the properties of the received signal in a no-collaborative manner. However, it is challenging to accurately…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Hao Zhang , Fuhui Zhou , Qihui Wu , Chau Yuen

This paper presents a deep learning approach to the classification of 160 shortwave radio signals. It addresses the typical challenges of the shortwave spectrum, which are the large number of different signal types, the presence of various…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-09 Stefan Scholl

Robust classification of the operational environment of wireless devices is becoming increasingly important for wireless network optimization, particularly in a shared spectrum environment. Distinguishing between indoor and outdoor devices…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Hossein Nasiri , Seda Dogan-Tusha , Muhammad Iqbal Rochman , Monisha Ghosh

In many signal processing applications, including communications, sonar, radar, and localization, a fundamental problem is the detection of a signal of interest in background noise, known as signal detection [1] [2]. A simple version of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Tom Anders , Hiten Prakash Kothari , R. Michael Buehrer

Wireless signal recognition (WSR) is crucial in modern and future wireless communication networks since it aims to identify properties of the received signal. Although many deep learning-based WSR models have been developed, they still rely…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-04 Hao Zhang , Fuhui Zhou , Qihui Wu , Naofal Al-Dhahir

The need for labeled data is among the most common and well-known practical obstacles to deploying deep learning algorithms to solve real-world problems. The current generation of learning algorithms requires a large volume of data labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Aaron Reite , Scott Kangas , Zackery Steck , Steven Goley , Jonathan Von Stroh , Steven Forsyth

Radio frequency (RF) signal recognition plays a critical role in modern wireless communication and security applications. Deep learning-based approaches have achieved strong performance but typically rely heavily on extensive training data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Lukas Henneke , Frank Kurth

The reliance on Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based classifiers in safety-critical and real-world applications necessitates Open-Set Recognition (OSR). OSR enables the identification of input data from classes unknown during training as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Nadarasar Bahavan , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge

NextG networks are intended to provide the flexibility of sharing the spectrum with incumbent users and support various spectrum monitoring tasks such as anomaly detection, fault diagnostics, user equipment identification, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Yi Shi , Yalin E. Sagduyu , Tugba Erpek

Intermediate features at different layers of a deep neural network are known to be discriminative for visual patterns of different complexities. However, most existing works ignore such cross-layer heterogeneities when classifying samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-20 Xiaojie Jin , Yunpeng Chen , Jian Dong , Jiashi Feng , Shuicheng Yan

The widespread adoption of mobile communication technology has led to a severe shortage of spectrum resources, driving the development of cognitive radio technologies aimed at improving spectrum utilization, with spectrum sensing being the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-11 Shilian Zheng , Zhihao Ye , Luxin Zhang , Keqiang Yue , Zhijin Zhao

New capabilities in wireless network security have been enabled by deep learning, which leverages patterns in radio frequency (RF) data to identify and authenticate devices. Open-set detection is an area of deep learning that identifies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Luke Puppo , Weng-Keen Wong , Bechir Hamdaoui , Abdurrahman Elmaghbub

Supervised learning in machine learning (ML) requires labelled data set. Further real-time data classification requires an easily available methodology for labelling. Wireless modulation and signal classification find their application in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-01 Bhargava B C , Ankush Deshmukh , A V Narasimhadhan

Due to imperfections in transmitters' hardware, wireless signals can be used to verify their identity in an authorization system. While deep learning was proposed for transmitter identification, the majority of the work has focused on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-05 Samer Hanna , Samurdhi Karunaratne , Danijela Cabric

Machine learning-based techniques open up many opportunities and improvements to derive deeper and more practical insights from data that can help businesses make informed decisions. However, the majority of these techniques focus on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Atefeh Mahdavi , Marco Carvalho

Recently, deep learning (DL) has been emerging as a promising approach for channel estimation and signal detection in wireless communications. The majority of the existing studies investigating the use of DL techniques in this domain focus…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Khalid Albagami , Nguyen Van Huynh , Geoffrey Ye Li

Internet of Things (IoT) sensor data or readings evince variations in timestamp range, sampling frequency, geographical location, unit of measurement, etc. Such presented sequence data heterogeneity makes it difficult for traditional time…

Signal recognition is a spectrum sensing problem that jointly requires detection, localization in time and frequency, and classification. This is a step beyond most spectrum sensing work which involves signal detection to estimate "present"…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-04 Nathan West , Timothy O'Shea , Tamoghna Roy

In cognitive radio systems, the ability to accurately detect primary user's signal is essential to secondary user in order to utilize idle licensed spectrum. Conventional energy detector is a good choice for blind signal detection, while it…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Jiabao Gao , Xuemei Yi , Caijun Zhong , Xiaoming Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang