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Inverse design problems are common in engineering and materials science. The forward direction, i.e., computing output quantities from design parameters, typically requires running a numerical simulation, such as a FEM, as an intermediate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Jens U. Kreber , Christian Weißenfels , Joerg Stueckler

We develop a method that recovers the surface, materials, and illumination of a scene from its posed multi-view images. In contrast to prior work, it does not require any additional data and can handle glossy objects or bright lighting. It…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yue Fan , Ningjing Fan , Ivan Skorokhodov , Oleg Voynov , Savva Ignatyev , Evgeny Burnaev , Peter Wonka , Yiqun Wang

Diffusion Models (DMs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in content generation without requiring adversarial training. These models are trained using a two-step process. First, a forward - diffusion - process gradually adds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Anwaar Ulhaq , Naveed Akhtar

Models for inferring monocular shape of surfaces with diffuse reflection -- shape from shading -- ought to produce distributions of outputs, because there are fundamental mathematical ambiguities of both continuous (e.g., bas-relief) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xinran Nicole Han , Todd Zickler , Ko Nishino

Denoising diffusion models (DDMs) have recently attracted increasing attention by showing impressive synthesis quality. DDMs are built on a diffusion process that pushes data to the noise distribution and the models learn to denoise. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Jaemoo Choi , Yesom Park , Myungjoo Kang

We introduce MxDiffusion, a hybrid physics- and data-driven diffusion-based framework that enables efficient and highly accurate generation of photonic structures from target optical properties. The improved accuracy is achieved through a…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-20 Sujoy Mondal , Taehyuk Park , Sudipta Biswas , Alan X. Wang , Wenshan Cai

Diffusion models have emerged as a leading technique for generating images due to their ability to create high-resolution and realistic images. Despite their strong performance, diffusion models still struggle in managing image collections…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hailong Yang , Te Zhang , Kup-sze Choi , Zhaohong Deng

Dynamic factor models are often estimated by point-estimation methods, disregarding parameter uncertainty. We propose a method accounting for parameter uncertainty by means of posterior approximation, using variational inference. Our…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-14 Erik Spånberg

High-dimensional Bayesian inverse analysis (dim >> 100) is mostly unfeasible for computationally demanding, nonlinear physics-based high-fidelity (HF) models. Usually, the use of more efficient gradient-based inference schemes is impeded if…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jonas Nitzler , Bugrahan Z. Temür , Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis , Wolfgang A. Wall

Recovering the physical attributes of an object's appearance from its images captured under an unknown illumination is challenging yet essential for photo-realistic rendering. Recent approaches adopt the emerging implicit scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Youjia Zhang , Teng Xu , Junqing Yu , Yuteng Ye , Junle Wang , Yanqing Jing , Jingyi Yu , Wei Yang

The current literature on intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) focuses on optimizing the IRS phase shifts to yield coherent beamforming gains, under the assumption of perfect channel state information (CSI) of individual IRS-assisted links,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Qurrat-Ul-Ain Nadeem , Alessio Zappone , Anas Chaaban

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) are widely adopted for their outstanding generative fidelity, yet their sampling is computationally demanding. Polynomial-based multistep samplers mitigate this cost by accelerating inference; however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Soochul Park , Yeon Ju Lee , SeongJin Yoon , Jiyub Shin , Juhee Lee , Seongwoon Jo

Subdiffusion is a well established phenomenon in physics. In this paper we apply the subdiffusive dynamics to analyze financial markets. We focus on the financial aspect of time fractional diffusion model with moving boundary i.e. American…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-04-19 Grzegorz Krzyżanowski , Marcin Magdziarz

Purpose: Diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession (DW-SSFP) is shown to provide a means to probe non-Gaussian diffusion through manipulation of the flip angle. A framework is presented to define an effective b-value in DW-SSFP.…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-11-05 Benjamin C. Tendler , Sean Foxley , Michiel Cottaar , Saad Jbabdi , Karla Miller

We propose a multifidelity dimension reduction method to identify a low-dimensional structure present in many engineering models. The structure of interest arises when functions vary primarily on a low-dimensional subspace of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-08 Rémi Lam , Olivier Zahm , Youssef Marzouk , Karen Willcox

Computed Tomography (CT) technology reduces radiation haz-ards to the human body through sparse sampling, but fewer sampling angles pose challenges for image reconstruction. Score-based generative models are widely used in sparse-view CT…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-22 Junyan Zhang , Mengxiao Geng , Pinhuang Tan , Yi Liu , Zhili Liu , Bin Huang , Qiegen Liu

A multi-fidelity regression model is proposed for combining multiple datasets with different fidelities, particularly abundant low-fidelity data and scarce high-fidelity observations. The model builds upon recent multi-fidelity frameworks…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-21 Mohammad Hossein Saadat

We propose a new diffuse interface model for simulating an inductionless magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) free surface problem. By using the Onsager's variational principle and the laws of thermodynamics, we derive a thermodynamically consistent…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Jiancheng Wang , Maojun Li , Zeyu Xia , Liwei Xu

Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is a sensitive optical imaging technology widely used in biomedical research. However, the ill-posedness of the inverse problem poses a huge challenge to FMT reconstruction. Although end-to-end deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Peng Zhang , Qianqian Xue , Xingyu Liu , Guanglei Zhang , Wenjian Wang , Jiye Liang

Effectively controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) in high-dimensional variable selection is a fundamental statistical problem that has garnered significant research interest. In this paper, we propose a novel, user-friendly, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-28 Yujia Wu , Panxu Yuan , Binyan Jiang