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Sampling-based optimization (SBO), like cross-entropy method and evolutionary algorithms, has achieved many successes in solving non-convex problems without gradients, yet its convergence is poorly understood. In this paper, we establish a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zeji Yi , Chaoyi Pan , Guanya Shi , Guannan Qu

We develop subgradient- and gradient-based methods for minimizing strongly convex functions under a notion which generalizes the standard Euclidean strong convexity. We propose a unifying framework for subgradient methods which yields two…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-19 Masaru Ito

Alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is a popular optimization tool for the composite and constrained problems in machine learning. However, in many machine learning problems such as black-box attacks and bandit feedback, ADMM…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-31 Feihu Huang , Shangqian Gao , Songcan Chen , Heng Huang

We revisit policy-gradient optimization for Large Language Models (LLMs) from a single-stream perspective. Prevailing group-based methods like GRPO reduce variance with on-the-fly baselines but suffer from critical flaws: frequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Zhongwen Xu , Zihan Ding

In this paper, we develop a symmetric accelerated stochastic Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (SAS-ADMM) for solving separable convex optimization problems with linear constraints. The objective function is the sum of a possibly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Jianchao Bai , Deren Han , Hao Sun , Hongchao Zhang

Optimal control of obstacle problems arises in a wide range of applications and is computationally challenging due to its nonsmoothness, nonlinearity, and bilevel structure. Classical numerical approaches rely on mesh-based discretization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Yongcun Song , Shangzhi Zeng , Jin Zhang , Lvgang Zhang

Our work focuses on stochastic gradient methods for optimizing a smooth non-convex loss function with a non-smooth non-convex regularizer. Research on this class of problem is quite limited, and until recently no non-asymptotic convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-15 Michael R. Metel , Akiko Takeda

Bilevel optimization reveals the inner structure of otherwise oblique optimization problems, such as hyperparameter tuning, neural architecture search, and meta-learning. A common goal in bilevel optimization is to minimize a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Lesi Chen , Jing Xu , Jingzhao Zhang

Bilevel optimization has been recently used in many machine learning problems such as hyperparameter optimization, policy optimization, and meta learning. Although many bilevel optimization methods have been proposed, they still suffer from…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-27 Feihu Huang , Junyi Li , Shangqian Gao , Heng Huang

The linearly constrained convex composite programming problems whose objective function contains two blocks with each block being the form of nonsmooth+smooth arises frequently in multiple fields of applications. If both of the smooth terms…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-25 Congying Qin , Yunhai Xiao , Peili Li

The concept of learning to optimize involves utilizing a trainable optimization strategy rather than relying on manually defined full gradient estimations such as ADAM. We present a framework that jointly trains the full gradient estimator…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Ruiqi Wang , Diego Klabjan

Bi-level optimization problems, where one wishes to find the global minimizer of an upper-level objective function over the globally optimal solution set of a lower-level objective, arise in a variety of scenarios throughout science and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Nicolás García Trillos , Sixu Li , Konstantin Riedl , Yuhua Zhu

We propose a stochastic conditional gradient method (CGM) for minimizing convex finite-sum objectives formed as a sum of smooth and non-smooth terms. Existing CGM variants for this template either suffer from slow convergence rates, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Gideon Dresdner , Maria-Luiza Vladarean , Gunnar Rätsch , Francesco Locatello , Volkan Cevher , Alp Yurtsever

The proximal bundle method (PBM) is a powerful and widely used approach for minimizing nonsmooth convex functions. However, for smooth objectives, its best-known convergence rate remains suboptimal, and whether PBM can be accelerated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Feng-Yi Liao , Thomas Madden , Yang Zheng

Clustering is one of the most fundamental and important tasks in data mining. Traditional clustering algorithms, such as K-means, assign every data point to exactly one cluster. However, in real-world datasets, the clusters may overlap with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-08 Yangyang Hou , Joyce Jiyoung Whang , David F. Gleich , Inderjit S. Dhillon

We propose a new self-adaptive, double-loop smoothing algorithm to solve composite, nonsmooth, and constrained convex optimization problems. Our algorithm is based on Nesterov's smoothing technique via general Bregman distance functions. It…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-08-15 Quoc Tran-Dinh , Ahmet Alacaoglu , Olivier Fercoq , Volkan Cevher

In this work, we consider convex optimization problems with smooth objective function and nonsmooth functional constraints. We propose a new stochastic gradient algorithm, called Stochastic Halfspace Approximation Method (SHAM), to solve…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Nitesh Kumar Singh , Ion Necoara

We consider the problem of minimizing block-separable convex functions subject to linear constraints. While the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) for two-block linear constraints has been intensively studied both…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-09-15 Huahua Wang , Arindam Banerjee , Zhi-Quan Luo

We introduce a framework based on bilevel programming that unifies gradient-based hyperparameter optimization and meta-learning. We show that an approximate version of the bilevel problem can be solved by taking into explicit account the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-04 Luca Franceschi , Paolo Frasconi , Saverio Salzo , Riccardo Grazzi , Massimilano Pontil

Beyond minimizing a single training loss, many deep learning estimation pipelines rely on an auxiliary objective to quantify and encourage desirable properties of the model (e.g. performance on another dataset, robustness, agreement with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Yu-Guan Hsieh , James Thornton , Eugene Ndiaye , Michal Klein , Marco Cuturi , Pierre Ablin