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We consider the problem of robust multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) for cooperative communication and coordination tasks. MARL agents, mainly those trained in a centralized way, can be brittle because they can adopt policies that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-12-16 T. van der Heiden , C. Salge , E. Gavves , H. van Hoof

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) approaches tackle the challenge of finding effective multi-agent cooperation strategies for accomplishing individual or shared objectives in multi-agent teams. In real-world scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Yasin Findik , Paul Robinette , Kshitij Jerath , S. Reza Ahmadzadeh

Before taking actions in an environment with more than one intelligent agent, an autonomous agent may benefit from reasoning about the other agents and utilizing a notion of a guarantee or confidence about the behavior of the system. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Nikunj Gupta , Somjit Nath , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has witnessed significant progress with the development of value function factorization methods. It allows optimizing a joint action-value function through the maximization of factorized per-agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Hanhan Zhou , Tian Lan , Vaneet Aggarwal

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) under sparse rewards remains fundamentally challenging because agents often fail to concentrate their influence, leading to insufficiently coordinated exploration. To address this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yisak Park , Sunwoo Lee , Seungyul Han

The field of cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has seen widespread use in addressing complex coordination tasks. While value decomposition methods in MARL have been popular, they have limitations in solving tasks with…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Shanqi Liu , Weiwei Liu , Wenzhou Chen , Guanzhong Tian , Yong Liu

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on multimodal large language models exhibit strong collaboration and performance. However, their growing openness and interaction complexity pose serious risks, notably jailbreak and adversarial attacks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zhenyu Pan , Yiting Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Jianshu Zhang , Haozheng Luo , Yuwei Han , Dennis Wu , Hong-Yu Chen , Philip S. Yu , Manling Li , Han Liu

In real-world environments, autonomous agents rely on their egocentric observations. They must learn adaptive strategies to interact with others who possess mixed motivations, discernible only through visible cues. Several Multi-Agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Violet Xiang , Logan Cross , Jan-Philipp Fränken , Nick Haber

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) policies are known to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations to their observations, similar to adversarial examples for classifiers. However, an attacker is not usually able to directly modify another…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Adam Gleave , Michael Dennis , Cody Wild , Neel Kant , Sergey Levine , Stuart Russell

In multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), ensuring robustness against unpredictable or worst-case actions by allies is crucial for real-world deployment. Existing robust MARL methods either approximate or enumerate all possible threat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Simin Li , Ruixiao Xu , Jingqiao Xiu , Yuwei Zheng , Pu Feng , Yaodong Yang , Xianglong Liu

Adversarial examples can be useful for identifying vulnerabilities in AI systems before they are deployed. In reinforcement learning (RL), adversarial policies can be developed by training an adversarial agent to minimize a target agent's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Stephen Casper , Taylor Killian , Gabriel Kreiman , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

This paper presents a novel approach to Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) that combines cooperative task decomposition with the learning of reward machines (RMs) encoding the structure of the sub-tasks. The proposed method helps…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Leo Ardon , Daniel Furelos-Blanco , Alessandra Russo

As artificial intelligence (AI) assistants become more widely adopted in safety-critical domains, it becomes important to develop safeguards against potential failures or adversarial attacks. A key prerequisite to developing these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Abed Kareem Musaffar , Anand Gokhale , Sirui Zeng , Rasta Tadayon , Xifeng Yan , Ambuj Singh , Francesco Bullo

This research provides a comprehensive overview of adversarial attacks on AI and ML models, exploring various attack types, techniques, and their potential harms. We also delve into the business implications, mitigation strategies, and…

Value-based methods of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), especially the value decomposition methods, have been demonstrated on a range of challenging cooperative tasks. However, current methods pay little attention to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Xiaoteng Ma , Yiqin Yang , Chenghao Li , Yiwen Lu , Qianchuan Zhao , Yang Jun

Learning to collaborate has witnessed significant progress in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). However, promoting coordination among agents and enhancing exploration capabilities remain challenges. In multi-agent environments,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Xiao Du , Yutong Ye , Pengyu Zhang , Yaning Yang , Mingsong Chen , Ting Wang

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has gained significant traction for solving complex real-world tasks, but the inherent stochasticity and uncertainty in these environments pose substantial challenges to efficient and robust policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Somnath Hazra , Pallab Dasgupta , Soumyajit Dey

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has received increasing attention for its applications in various domains. Researchers have paid much attention on its partially observable and cooperative settings for meeting real-world…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Meng Yao , Qiyue Yin , Jun Yang , Tongtong Yu , Shengqi Shen , Junge Zhang , Bin Liang , Kaiqi Huang

Multi-agent adversarial inverse reinforcement learning (MA-AIRL) is a recent approach that applies single-agent AIRL to multi-agent problems where we seek to recover both policies for our agents and reward functions that promote expert-like…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Wonseok Jeon , Paul Barde , Derek Nowrouzezahrai , Joelle Pineau

Exploration in cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) remains challenging for value-based agents due to the absence of an explicit policy. Existing approaches include individual exploration based on uncertainty towards the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Guangchong Zhou , Zeren Zhang , Guoliang Fan