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We study open-world multi-label text classification under extremely weak supervision (XWS), where the user only provides a brief description for classification objectives without any labels or ground-truth label space. Similar single-label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Xintong Li , Jinya Jiang , Ria Dharmani , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , Jingbo Shang

Weak Supervision (WS) techniques allow users to efficiently create large training datasets by programmatically labeling data with heuristic sources of supervision. While the success of WS relies heavily on the provided labeling heuristics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Jieyu Zhang , Alexander Ratner

Large-scale datasets have driven the rapid development of deep neural networks for visual recognition. However, annotating a massive dataset is expensive and time-consuming. Web images and their labels are, in comparison, much easier to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-01 Bohan Zhuang , Lingqiao Liu , Yao Li , Chunhua Shen , Ian Reid

A critical bottleneck in supervised machine learning is the need for large amounts of labeled data which is expensive and time consuming to obtain. However, it has been shown that a small amount of labeled data, while insufficient to…

Deep neural networks have shown impressive performance in supervised learning, enabled by their ability to fit well to the provided training data. However, their performance is largely dependent on the quality of the training data and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Abhishek Kumar , Ehsan Amid

Recent progress in speech recognition has relied on models trained on vast amounts of labeled data. However, classroom Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) faces the real-world challenge of abundant weak transcripts paired with only a small…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Ahmed Adel Attia , Dorottya Demszky , Jing Liu , Carol Espy-Wilson

Instance segmentation is a fundamental research in computer vision, especially in autonomous driving. However, manual mask annotation for instance segmentation is quite time-consuming and costly. To address this problem, some prior works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Guangfeng Jiang , Jun Liu , Yuzhi Wu , Wenlong Liao , Tao He , Pai Peng

The limited availability of ground truth relevance labels has been a major impediment to the application of supervised methods to ad-hoc retrieval. As a result, unsupervised scoring methods, such as BM25, remain strong competitors to deep…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Dany Haddad , Joydeep Ghosh

For high-resource languages like English, text classification is a well-studied task. The performance of modern NLP models easily achieves an accuracy of more than 90% in many standard datasets for text classification in English (Xie et…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Dawei Zhu , Michael A. Hedderich , Fangzhou Zhai , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Dietrich Klakow

Object detection is an import task of computer vision.A variety of methods have been proposed,but methods using the weak labels still do not have a satisfactory result.In this paper,we propose a new framework that using the weakly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Ke Yang , Dongsheng Li , Yong Dou , Shaohe Lv , Qiang Wang

Pseudo-label learning methods have been widely applied in weakly-supervised temporal action localization. Existing works directly utilize weakly-supervised base model to generate instance-level pseudo-labels for training the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Quan Zhang , Yuxin Qi , Xi Tang , Rui Yuan , Xi Lin , Ke Zhang , Chun Yuan

Deep neural networks are gaining increasing popularity for the classic text classification task, due to their strong expressive power and less requirement for feature engineering. Despite such attractiveness, neural text classification…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Yu Meng , Jiaming Shen , Chao Zhang , Jiawei Han

Weakly-supervised text classification has received much attention in recent years for it can alleviate the heavy burden of annotating massive data. Among them, keyword-driven methods are the mainstream where user-provided keywords are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Lu Zhang , Jiandong Ding , Yi Xu , Yingyao Liu , Shuigeng Zhou

Deep learning perception models require a massive amount of labeled training data to achieve good performance. While unlabeled data is easy to acquire, the cost of labeling is prohibitive and could create a tremendous burden on companies or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Xinnan Du , William Zhang , Jose M. Alvarez

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) trains dense pixel-level segmentation models from partial or coarse annotations such as bounding boxes, scribbles, or image-level tags. While recent work leverages foundation models such as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Stefano Colamonaco , Andrei-Bogdan Florea , Jaron Maene

This paper proposes a self-learning method to incrementally train (fine-tune) a personalized Keyword Spotting (KWS) model after the deployment on ultra-low power smart audio sensors. We address the fundamental problem of the absence of…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Manuele Rusci , Francesco Paci , Marco Fariselli , Eric Flamand , Tinne Tuytelaars

Weakly-supervised text classification trains a classifier using the label name of each target class as the only supervision, which largely reduces human annotation efforts. Most existing methods first use the label names as static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Yunyi Zhang , Minhao Jiang , Yu Meng , Yu Zhang , Jiawei Han

To create a large amount of training labels for machine learning models effectively and efficiently, researchers have turned to Weak Supervision (WS), which uses programmatic labeling sources rather than manual annotation. Existing works of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Jieyu Zhang , Yujing Wang , Yaming Yang , Yang Luo , Alexander Ratner

We introduce Integrated Weak Learning, a principled framework that integrates weak supervision into the training process of machine learning models. Our approach jointly trains the end-model and a label model that aggregates multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Peter Hayes , Mingtian Zhang , Raza Habib , Jordan Burgess , Emine Yilmaz , David Barber

Obtaining large annotated datasets is critical for training successful machine learning models and it is often a bottleneck in practice. Weak supervision offers a promising alternative for producing labeled datasets without ground truth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Benedikt Boecking , Willie Neiswanger , Eric Xing , Artur Dubrawski