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This systematic literature review examines the critical challenges and solutions related to scalability and maintainability in Machine Learning (ML) systems. As ML applications become increasingly complex and widespread across industries,…
Machine learning algorithms are increasingly influencing our decisions and interacting with us in all parts of our daily lives. Therefore, just like for power plants, highways, and myriad other engineered sociotechnical systems, we must…
Dynamical systems that evolve continuously over time are ubiquitous throughout science and engineering. Machine learning (ML) provides data-driven approaches to model and predict the dynamics of such systems. A core issue with this approach…
While incorporating LLMs into systems offers significant benefits in critical application areas such as healthcare, new security challenges emerge due to the potential cyber kill chain cycles that combine adversarial model, prompt injection…
Autonomous vehicles rely on machine learning to solve challenging tasks in perception and motion planning. However, automotive software safety standards have not fully evolved to address the challenges of machine learning safety such as…
Nowadays, intelligent systems and services are getting increasingly popular as they provide data-driven solutions to diverse real-world problems, thanks to recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML).…
The increasing use of Machine Learning (ML) components embedded in autonomous systems -- so-called Learning-Enabled Systems (LESs) -- has resulted in the pressing need to assure their functional safety. As for traditional functional safety,…
As the shortage of skilled workers continues to be a pressing issue, exacerbated by demographic change, it is becoming a critical challenge for organizations to preserve the knowledge of retiring experts and to pass it on to novices. While…
Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising tool for developing controllers for real world systems (e.g., robotics, autonomous driving, etc.). However, real systems often have constraints imposed on their state space…
As testified by new regulations like the European AI Act, worries about the human and societal impact of (autonomous) software technologies are becoming of public concern. Human, societal, and environmental values, alongside traditional…
The rise of machine learning (ML) and its integration into software systems has drastically changed development practices. While software engineering traditionally focused on manually created code artifacts with dedicated processes and…
Despite the extent of recent advances in Machine Learning (ML) and Neural Networks, providing formal guarantees on the behavior of these systems is still an open problem, and a crucial requirement for their adoption in regulated or…
Social sustainability in software development means creating and maintaining systems that promote pro-social values (e.g., human well-being, equity), both now and in the future. However, social sustainability lacks clear conceptual and…
The increasing reliance on applications with machine learning (ML) components calls for mature engineering techniques that ensure these are built in a robust and future-proof manner. We aim to empirically determine the state of the art in…
The irresponsible use of ML algorithms in practical settings has received a lot of deserved attention in the recent years. We posit that the traditional system analysis perspective is needed when designing and implementing ML algorithms and…
Privacy and security challenges in Machine Learning (ML) have become increasingly severe, along with ML's pervasive development and the recent demonstration of large attack surfaces. As a mature system-oriented approach, Confidential…
Continuous integration is an indispensable step of modern software engineering practices to systematically manage the life cycles of system development. Developing a machine learning model is no difference - it is an engineering process…
The challenges related to dependable complex systems are heterogeneous and involve different aspects of the system. On one hand, the decision-making processes need to take into account many options. On the other hand, the design of the…
The increasing popularity of machine learning approaches and the rising awareness of data protection and data privacy presents an opportunity to build truly secure and trustworthy healthcare systems. Regulations such as GDPR and HIPAA…
In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence, multimodal learning systems (MMLS) have gained traction for their ability to process and integrate information from diverse modality inputs. Their expanding use in vital sectors…